{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:51:30Z","timestamp":1777661490684,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["High Altitude Medicine &amp; Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    David Eidenbenz, Alexandre Kottmann, Ken Zafren, Pierre-Nicolas Carron, Roland Albrecht, and Mathieu Pasquier. Noncompressible chest wall in critically buried avalanche victims with cardiac arrest: a case series.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">High Alt Med Biol.<\/jats:italic>\n                    26:129\u2013133, 2025.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In avalanche victims with cardiac arrest, a noncompressible chest wall or frozen body is a contraindication to initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The evidence sustaining this recommendation is low.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the characteristics and prehospital management of critically buried avalanche victims declared dead on site, with and without noncompressible chest walls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study including all critically buried avalanche victims declared dead on site by physicians of a helicopter emergency medical service in Switzerland, from 2010 to 2019. The primary outcome was the proportion of victims with a noncompressible chest wall reported in medical records. Secondary outcomes included victims\u2019 characteristics and the relevance of the criterion, noncompressible chest wall, for management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 53 included victims, 12 (23%) had noncompressible chest walls. Victims with noncompressible chest walls had significantly longer burial durations (median 1,125 vs. 45 minutes;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and lower core temperatures (median 14 vs. 32\u00b0C;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01). The criterion, noncompressible chest wall, assessed in six victims, was decisive for declaring death on site in four victims.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of a noncompressible chest wall does not appear to be a sufficient criterion to allow to declare the death of critically buried avalanche victims. Further clinical information should be sought.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2024.0104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T10:01:13Z","timestamp":1727690473000},"page":"129-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Noncompressible Chest Wall in Critically Buried Avalanche Victims with Cardiac Arrest: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3435-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Eidenbenz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Kottmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."},{"name":"Swiss Air Ambulance\u2014Rega, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4928-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Zafren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA."},{"name":"Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage, AK, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Nicolas","family":"Carron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Albrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Air Ambulance\u2014Rega, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0042-5909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathieu","family":"Pasquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Almulhim AM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almulhim AM, , Menezes RG. 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