{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:45:12Z","timestamp":1791999912638,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Security"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Efficient specimen transport systems are critical for early disease detection and reporting by laboratory networks. In Burkina Faso, centralized reference laboratories receive specimens from multiple surveillance sites for testing, but transport methods vary, resulting in potential delays and risk to specimen quality. The ministry of health and partners, under the Global Health Security Agenda implementation, piloted a specimen transport system for severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) surveillance in 4 Burkina Faso districts. A baseline assessment was conducted of the current specimen transport network structure and key stakeholders. Assessment results and guidelines for processing SARI specimens informed the pilot specimen transport system design and implementation. Monitoring and evaluation performance indicators included: proportion of packages delivered, timeliness, and quality of courier services (missed or damaged packages). Our baseline assessment found that laboratorians routinely carried specimens from the health center to reference laboratories, resulting in time away from laboratory duties and potential specimen delays or loss of quality. The pilot specimen transport system design engaged Sonapost, the national postal service, to transport specimens from SARI sites to the influenza national reference laboratory. From May 2017 to December 2018, the specimen transport system transported 557 packages containing 1,158 SARI specimens; 95% (529\/557) were delivered within 24 hours of pick-up and 77% (892\/1,158) within 48 hours of collection. No packages were lost. This article highlights lessons learned that may be useful for other countries considering establishment of a specimen transport system to strengthen laboratory system infrastructure in global health security implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2019.0068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T14:44:20Z","timestamp":1580481860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Designing and Piloting a Specimen Transport System in Burkina Faso"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Emilie","family":"Dama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Nikiema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kameko","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brice Wilfried","family":"Bicaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souleymane","family":"Porgho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Greco Kon\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zekiba","family":"Tarnagda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assana","family":"Ciss\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Ngendakumana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aim\u00e9","family":"Adjami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isa\u00efe","family":"Medah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavien","family":"Ake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Mirza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilie Dama, PhD, is Senior Laboratory Advisor; Rebecca Greco Kon\u00e9, MPH, is Country Director, Burkina Faso; and Irene Ngendakumana, MD, is Technical Advisor, Eagle Global Services, a CDC contractor; all with the Division of Global Health Protection, Country Office Burkina Faso, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Abdoulaye Niki\u00e8ma, PharmD, MSc, is Senior Laboratory Specialist and Global Health Security Program Manager for Burkina, African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Kameko Nichols is a Transport and Logistics Consultant, The Nichols Group LLC, Washington, DC. Brice Wilfried Bicaba, MD, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Director; Souleymane Porgho, MSc, is an Epidemiologist and Data Manager; and Isa\u00efe Medah, MD, is Director; all at Direction de la Protection de la Sant\u00e9 de la Population, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Z\u00e9kiba Tarnagda, DVM, PhD, is Head of Influenza, and Assana Ciss\u00e9, MSc, is a Bact..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The Review Committee on the Role of the International Health Regulations (2005) in the Ebola Outbreak and Response. May 13 2016. https:\/\/www.who.int\/ihr\/review-committee-2016\/en\/. Accessed October21 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2313.170946","article-title":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its partners' contributions to global health security","volume":"23","author":"Tappero JW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tappero JW, , Cassell CH, , Bunnell RE, et al. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its partners' contributions to global health security. Emerg Infect Dis, 2017; 23(Suppl):S5-S14.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2313.170898","article-title":"Contributions of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in implementing the Global Health Security Agenda in 17 partner countries","volume":"23","author":"Fitzmaurice AG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fitzmaurice AG, , Mahar M, , Moriarty LF, et al. Contributions of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in implementing the Global Health Security Agenda in 17 partner countries. Emerg Infect Dis, 2017; 23(Suppl):S15-S24.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPC51BLOBBPAKC"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP8GYX8KTKDATZ"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guidance on regulations for the transport of infectious substances 2015-2016. 2015. https:\/\/www.who.int\/ihr\/publications\/who_hse_ihr_2015.2\/en\/. Accessed October21 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"United Nations.. European agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2017. https:\/\/www.unece.org\/trans\/danger\/publi\/adr\/adr_e.html. Accessed October21 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.12.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/pamj.v8i1.71047"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3241-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics8030058"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002495"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global epidemiological surveillance standards for influenza. WHO website. January 2014. https:\/\/www.who.int\/influenza\/resources\/documents\/influenza_surveillance_manual\/en\/. Accessed October22 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"Global Laboratory Initative. GLI Guide to TB specimen referral systems and integrated networks. Stop TB Partnership. 2018. http:\/\/www.stoptb.org\/wg\/gli\/assets\/documents\/gli_guide_specimens_web_ready.pdf. Accessed October21 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2018.0048"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw035"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv576"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00083"}],"container-title":["Health Security"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/hs.2019.0068","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/hs.2019.0068","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/hs.2019.0068","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:39:43Z","timestamp":1777451983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/hs.2019.0068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/hs.2019.0068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/hs.2019.0068","relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5094","2326-5108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5094","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5108","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}}}