{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:29:51Z","timestamp":1777681791380,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Security"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 necessitated the rapid deployment of tests to diagnose COVID-19. To monitor the accuracy of testing across the COVID-19 laboratory network in Thailand, the Department of Medical Sciences under the Ministry of Public Health launched a national external quality assessment (EQA) scheme using samples containing inactivated SARS-CoV-2 culture supernatant from a predominant strain in the early phase of the Thailand outbreak. All 197 laboratories in the network participated; 93% (n=183) of which reported correct results for all 6 EQA samples. Ten laboratories reported false-negative results, mostly for samples with low viral concentrations, and 5 laboratories reported false-positive results (1 laboratory reported false positives and false negatives). An intralaboratory investigation of 14 laboratories reporting incorrect results revealed 2 main causes of error: (1) RNA contamination of the rRT-PCR reaction and (2) poor-quality RNA extraction. Specific reagent combinations were significantly associated with false-negative reports. Thailand's approach to national EQA for SARS-CoV-2 can serve as a roadmap for other countries interested in implementing a national EQA program to ensure laboratories provide accurate testing results, which is crucial in diagnosis, prevention, and control strategies. A national EQA program can be less costly and thus more sustainable than commercial EQA programs. National EQA is recommended to detect and correct testing errors and provide postmarket surveillance for diagnostic test performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2022.0117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T15:48:34Z","timestamp":1684338514000},"page":"183-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First Round of External Quality Assessment Scheme for SARS-CoV-2 Laboratories During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Siriphan","family":"Saeng-aroon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Siriphan Saeng-aroon, PhD, is a Medical Scientist (Expert Level) and Deputy Director, Bureau of Laboratory Quality Standards, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Changsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Don Changsom, PhD, Ratrawee Boonmuang, The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ratrawee","family":"Boonmuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Don Changsom, PhD, Ratrawee Boonmuang, The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunthareeya","family":"Waicharoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunthareeya Waicharoen, MSc, The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kampaew","family":"Buayai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kampaew Buayai are Medical Scientists, The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilailuk","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pilailuk Okada, PhD, is a Medical Scientist (Expert Level), The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ballang","family":"Uppapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ballang Uppapong, MD, is Deputy Director General, The Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malinee","family":"Chittaganpitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malinee Chittaganpitch, MSc, is a Medical Scientist (Professional Level), The Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patravee","family":"Soisangwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patravee Soisangwan, PhD, is a Medical Scientist (Professional Level) and Director, Bureau of Laboratory Quality Standards, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabda","family":"Praphasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prabda Praphasiri, PhD, is an Epidemiologist, Division of Influenza, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth A.","family":"Skaggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth A. Skaggs, PhD, is Laboratory Chief, Division of Global Health Protection, Thai Ministry of Public Health\u2013US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Recommendations for national SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies and diagnostic capacities: interim guidance. Published June 25 2021. Accessed August5 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/342002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2: interim guidance. Published September 11 2020. Accessed August5 2022. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/diagnostic-testing-for-sars-cov-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Royal Thai Government . Regulation issued under Section 9 of the Emergency Decree on Public Administration in Emergency Situations B.E. 2548 (2005) (No.1). (Unofficial translation). Accessed April12 2023. https:\/\/www.thaigov.go.th\/news\/contents\/details\/28025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Sirilak S ed. Thailand's Experience in the COVID-19 Response. Nonthaburi Thailand: Ministry of Public Health; 2020. Accessed June10 2021. https:\/\/ddc.moph.go.th\/viralpneumonia\/eng\/file\/pub_doc\/LDoc9.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02676-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2610.202551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263736"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Monitoring and evaluation for quality of Thailand SARS-CoV-2 laboratory network: lesson learnt for policy driven and new guidelines","volume":"54","author":"Muenphon S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Muenphon S, , Soisangwan P, , Laieddee N, , Nammontri N, , Kittiniyom K, , Uttayamakul S. Monitoring and evaluation for quality of Thailand SARS-CoV-2 laboratory network: lesson learnt for policy driven and new guidelines. J Assoc Med Sci. 2021; 54(2):8-16.","journal-title":"J Assoc Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"143","article-title":"Development of DMSc COVID-19 real-time RT-PCR","volume":"62","author":"Akkapaiboon Okada P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akkapaiboon Okada P, , Wongboot W, , Thanadachakul T, et al. Development of DMSc COVID-19 real-time RT-PCR. Bull Dep Med Sci. 2020; 62(3):143-154.","journal-title":"Bull Dep Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO 15189:2022. Medical laboratories \u2014 requirements for quality and competence. Published December 2022. Accessed April5 2023. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/76677.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics. EQA programmes. Accessed February20 2023. https:\/\/www.qcmd.org\/index.php?pageId=3&pageVersion=EN"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00769-008-0470-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO\/IEC 17043:2010. Conformity assessment \u2013 general requirements for proficiency testing. Published February 2010. Accessed April12 2023. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/29366.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnaout R Lee RA Lee GR et al. SARS-CoV2 testing: the limit of detection matters. Preprint. bioRxiv. Posted June 4 2020. 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