{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:31:10Z","timestamp":1777681870701,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Security"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Infection of Western aid workers with Ebola virus disease during the 2014-2016 West African outbreak demonstrated the need for medical evacuation to high-level isolation units in Europe and the United States. In Norway, an ad hoc preparedness team was established for aeromedical evacuation in case of need. In October 2014, this team transported an infected aid worker from the military section of Oslo Airport to Oslo University Hospital. To maintain and strengthen the capacity for domestic ambulance transport on the ground and in the air, the Norwegian Medical Emergency Response Team for High Consequence Infectious Diseases (in Norway known as \u201cNasjonalt medisinsk utrykningsteam for h\u00f8yrisikosmitte\u201d), or NORTH, was established as a permanent service in 2017. Recognizing the expertise of this domestic team, Norway was subsequently entrusted with the task of enhancing the European aeromedical transport capacity for high-consequence infectious diseases and establishing the Norwegian rescEU Jet Air Ambulance for Transport of Highly Infectious Patients, or NOJAHIP, in 2022. In this case study, we present experiences and lessons learned from these 2 services and discuss how they can be further developed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2023.0153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T12:08:21Z","timestamp":1723550901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transport of Patients With High-Consequence Infectious Diseases: Development of European Capacity in Norway"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1723-0577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne B.","family":"Brants\u00e6ter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas E.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas Gisholt","family":"Gustavsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidar","family":"Stensv\u00e5g","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hege Anita","family":"Aastr\u00f8m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fridtjof","family":"Heyerdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per Magne","family":"Tveitane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Espen Rostrup","family":"Nakstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arne B. Brants\u00e6ter, MD, MPH, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases; Andreas E. Hansen, MD, is Section Chief and Consultant Anesthesiologist, Andreas Gisholt Gustavsen, PGdip, CRNA, RN, PM, is a Paramedic, Vidar Stensv\u00e5g, MD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, Hege Anita Aastr\u00f8m, MSc, CRNS, RN, FN, is a Flight Nurse, and Fridtjof Heyerdahl, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Anesthesiologist, all in the Air Ambulance Department, Prehospital Services; and Espen Rostrup Nakstad, MD, PhD, is a Senior Consultant, Department of Acute Medicine; all at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Fridtjof Heyerdahl is also a Researcher, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Per Magne Tveitane is Senior Advisor, Department of Emergency Preparedness, Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Disease Outbreak News: 2014 - Guinea. Published March 23 2014. Accessed May 15 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2014_03_23_ebola-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Statement on the 1st Meeting of the IHR Emergency Committee on the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Published August 8 2014. 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