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While India has launched several large-scale public health initiatives, including Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan and Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana, several challenges persist that threaten progress toward elimination. These include data transparency issues, overburdened healthcare systems, and an unrealistic timeline for achieving elimination. In this article, we highlight underaddressed health security challenges\u2014including multidrug-resistant TB, weak biosafety infrastructure, relapse without posttreatment monitoring, environmental contributors like air pollution, and a lack of targeted strategies for tribal populations and undocumented immigrants\u2014and call for a revised approach to TB elimination aligned with the global 2030 goal, emphasizing evidence-based policy, improved surveillance, workforce support, multisectoral coordination, and environmental and technological interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2024.0109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T04:49:21Z","timestamp":1754714961000},"page":"230-241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Enhancing India\u2019s Health Security Efforts Against\n                    <i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    \u2009: Gaps and Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6775-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhijit","family":"Poddar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abhijit Poddar, PhD, is Chief, Centre for Bio-Policy Research (CBPR), Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India, and co-founder of Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India. Sourik Mukherjee, MSc, is a Research Scholar, MGMARI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India. S. R. Rao, PhD, is Founder and Director, Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India, and Former Senior Advisor, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourik","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abhijit Poddar, PhD, is Chief, Centre for Bio-Policy Research (CBPR), Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India, and co-founder of Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India. Sourik Mukherjee, MSc, is a Research Scholar, MGMARI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India. S. R. Rao, PhD, is Founder and Director, Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India, and Former Senior Advisor, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. R.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abhijit Poddar, PhD, is Chief, Centre for Bio-Policy Research (CBPR), Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India, and co-founder of Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India. Sourik Mukherjee, MSc, is a Research Scholar, MGMARI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, India. S. R. Rao, PhD, is Founder and Director, Genentech Regulatory Solutions LLP, Hyderabad, India, and Former Senior Advisor, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lansea.2023.100301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW). India TB Report 2024. New Delhi: MOHFW; 2024. 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