{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:27:49Z","timestamp":1777908469273,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hybridoma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a hydrophilic fungal genus that is well known for its ability to colonize water-damaged building materials in indoor environments. Personal exposure to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys chartarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    allergens, mycotoxins, cytolytic peptides, and other immunostimulatory macromolecules has been proposed to exacerbate respiratory morbidity. To date, advances in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    detection have focused on the identification of unique biomarkers that can be detected in human serum; however, the availability of immunodiagnostic reagents to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    species have been limited. In this study, we report the initial characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against a semi-purified cytolytic\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. chlorohalonata<\/jats:italic>\n                    preparation (cScp) derived from hyphae. BALB\/c mice were immunized with cScp and hybridomas were screened against the cScp using an antigen-mediated indirect ELISA. Eight immunoglobulin M MAbs were produced and four were specifically identified in the capture ELISA to react with the cScp. Cross-reactivity of the MAbs was tested against crude hyphal extracts derived from 15\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates representing nine\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stachybotrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    species as well as 39 other environmentally abundant fungi using a capture ELISA. MAb reactivity to spore and hyphal antigens was also tested by a capture ELISA and by fluorescent halogen immunoassay (fHIA). ELISA analysis demonstrated that all MAbs strongly reacted with extracts of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. chartarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    but not with extracts of 39 other fungi. However, four MAbs showed cross-reactivity to the phylogenetically related genus\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Memnoniella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . fHIA analysis confirmed that greatest MAb reactivity was ultrastructurally localized in hyphae and phialides. The results of this study further demonstrate the feasibility of specific MAb-based immunoassays for the detection of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. chartarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]],"date-time":"2011-02-26T22:11:18Z","timestamp":1298758278000},"page":"29-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Production and Characterization of IgM Monoclonal Antibodies Against Hyphal Antigens of\n                    <i>Stachybotrys<\/i>\n                    Species"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ajay P.","family":"Nayak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"},{"name":"West Virginia University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett J.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Janotka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francoise M.","family":"Blachere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Vesper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Protection Agency"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald H.","family":"Beezhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Detlef","family":"Schmechel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfm284"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7376-7388.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Sampling, Analysis of Indoor Organisms","author":"Yang CS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yang CS, , Heinsohn PA. Sampling, Analysis of Indoor Organisms, 2003. Wiley: Hoboken, NJ."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022968121285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2164(04)55007-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.6.2678-2681.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-0493-95.3.603"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.7.3175-3181.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000071503.96740.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2003.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2005.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0668.2005.00340.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"A662","article-title":"The production of species-specific monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against the allergenic and toxigenic fungus Stachybotrys chartarum","volume":"15","author":"Schmechel D","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schmechel D, , Lewis DM. The production of species-specific monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against the allergenic and toxigenic fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. FASEB J, 2001; 15:A662.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15572536.2004.11833031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.2.912-916.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.1.144-172.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b704359g"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770900009055442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.152.8.757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199803000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780410001661473"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000224736.52780.2f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.1.114-122.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1998.0197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1999.0258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.2001.0347"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"Br139","article-title":"Antibodies against Stachybotrys chartarum extract and its antigenic components, Stachyhemolysin and Stachyrase-A: a new clinical biomarker","volume":"11","author":"Vojdani A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vojdani A. Antibodies against Stachybotrys chartarum extract and its antigenic components, Stachyhemolysin and Stachyrase-A: a new clinical biomarker. Med Sci Monit, 2005; 11:Br139\u2013145.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"LE7","article-title":"Methodologic issues concerning Stachyhemolysin and Stachyrase-A as clinical biomarkers","volume":"11","author":"Page E","year":"2005","unstructured":"Page E, , Biagini RE, , Beezhold DH. Methodologic issues concerning Stachyhemolysin and Stachyrase-A as clinical biomarkers. Med Sci Monit, 2005; 11:LE7\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2007.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2007.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.7.3522-3531.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15572536.2003.11833204"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0668.2005.00339.x"}],"container-title":["Hybridoma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:05:15Z","timestamp":1777644315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/hyb.2010.0071","relation":{},"ISSN":["1554-0014","1557-8348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1554-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8348","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]}}}