{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:50:35Z","timestamp":1784868635167,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) maintains a sustained airway pressure over a large proportion of the respiratory cycle, and has a long inspiratory time at high pressure. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the APRV with and without spontaneous breathing on albuterol aerosol delivery with a continuous vibrating-mesh nebulizer (VMN) placed at different positions on an adult lung model of invasive mechanical ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n An adult lung model was assembled by connecting a ventilator with a dual-limb circuit to an 8-mm inner diameter endotracheal tube (ETT) and collecting filter attached to a test lung with set compliance of 0.1\u2009L\/cmH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O and resistance of 0.5\u2009cmH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\/(L\u00b7s). Four ventilator modes were compared: pressure control ventilation (PCV) with no bias flow, PCV with bias flow of 6\u2009L\/min (PCV\n BF6<\/jats:sub>\n ), APRV with no spontaneous breaths (APRV), and APRV with spontaneous breath trigger (APRVs). Peak inspiratory pressure, peak end-expiratory pressure, aerosol dose, and nebulization time were similar for all modes. The VMN was placed (1) between Y-piece and inspiratory limb, (2) at the gas outlet of a heated humidifier, and (3) at the gas inlet of a heated humidifier. Albuterol sulfate (5\u2009mg\/2.5\u2009mL) was administered with each run and collected on a filter distal to the ETT. Deposited drug was eluted from each filter (purified water) and analyzed by UV spectrophotometry at 276\u2009nm. Analysis of variance [general linear model (GLM) multivariate] was performed using the linear model of multiple variables, significance at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Albuterol (in micrograms, mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) delivered was higher with VMN placed at the gas inlet of the humidifier with each mode of ventilation (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01). APRVs has the highest albuterol delivery followed by PCV, PCV\n BF6<\/jats:sub>\n , and APRV (1706.2\u2009\u00b1\u200960.9\u2009\u03bcg vs. 1490.6\u2009\u00b1\u200961.1\u2009\u03bcg vs. 1182.3\u2009\u00b1\u200961.4\u2009\u03bcg vs. 1153.1\u2009\u00b1\u200999.7\u2009\u03bcg, respectively,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). The minute volume was positively correlated with the inhaled albuterol dose.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Spontaneous breathing increased the albuterol delivery during APRV, compared with APRV alone and PCV modes. Placing the nebulizer proximal to the ventilator was more efficient for all modes tested.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T15:27:11Z","timestamp":1536593231000},"page":"34-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of Nebulizer Location and Spontaneous Breathing on Aerosol Delivery During Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in Bench Testing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Hui-Qing","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Mei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerogen Pharma Corp., San Mateo, California."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghua","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peifeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kejing","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2017.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2014.1131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10550845"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02490"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31827b47bb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4912-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.2.8756810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10550837"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2015.1266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2017.1372"}],"container-title":["Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:10:23Z","timestamp":1777644623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jamp.2018.1457","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-2711","1941-2703"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-2711","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-2703","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]]}}}