{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:19:53Z","timestamp":1790623193932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lucinactant for inhalation is an investigational noninvasive, aerosolized surfactant replacement therapy for treatment of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Lucinactant for inhalation consists of lyophilized lucinactant and the Aerosurf\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      Delivery System (ADS). The objective of this study was to characterize the total and regional pulmonary deposition of lucinactant delivered by the ADS in nonhuman primates (NHPs).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lucinactant was radiolabeled by the addition of technetium-99m (\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc)-sulfur colloid. The radiolabeled aerosol was characterized and validated using a Mercer cascade impactor. An\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      deposition study was performed in three cynomolgus macaques. Radiolabeled lucinactant was aerosolized using the ADS and delivered via nasal cannula under 5\u2009cm H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) for 5\u20139 minutes. A two-dimensional planar image was acquired immediately after aerosol administration, followed by a three-dimensional single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image and a second planar image. The images were analyzed to determine the pulmonary (lungs) and extrapulmonary (nose + mouth, trachea, stomach) distribution. The SPECT data were used to determine regional deposition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The radiolabed lucinactant aerosol had a mass median aerodynamic diameter\u2009=\u20092.91\u2009\u03bcm, geometric standard deviation (GSD)\u2009=\u20091.81, and an activity median aerodynamic diameter\u2009=\u20092.92\u2009\u03bcm, GSD\u2009=\u20092.06. Aerosolized lucinactant was observed to deposit in the lungs (11.4%), nose + mouth (79.9%), trachea (7.3%), and stomach (1.4%). Analysis of the SPECT image demonstrated that the regional deposition within the lung was generally homogeneous. Aerosolized lucinactant was deposited in both the central (52.8%\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2%) and peripheral (47.2%\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2%) regions of the lungs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aerosolized lucinactant, delivered using the ADS via constant flow nCPAP, is deposited in all regions of the lungs demonstrating that surfactant can be aerosolized and delivered noninvasively to NHPs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2018.1505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T11:14:29Z","timestamp":1566472469000},"page":"21-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Deposition of Aerosolized Lucinactant in Nonhuman Primates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Windtree Therapeutics, Inc., Warrington, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hammad","family":"Irshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Biomedical, Albuquerque, New Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Chand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Biomedical, Albuquerque, New Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Kuehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Biomedical, Albuquerque, New Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"CD000141","article-title":"Multiple versus single doses of exogenous surfactant for the prevention or treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Soll R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Soll R, , and Ozek E: Multiple versus single doses of exogenous surfactant for the prevention or treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. 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