{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T15:26:14Z","timestamp":1787153174031,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Receiving wrong health education from health care professionals (HCPs) might contribute to patients\u2019 poor inhaler technique. We set out to investigate HCPs' knowledge on asthma and metered-dose inhaler technique in selected health facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a cross-sectional study done from August 2020 to February 2021, participant\u2019s demographics were recorded. The inhaler technique was assessed using a 12-step checklist. Participants had correct inhaler technique when all the steps were performed correctly; otherwise, the technique was poor. An 18-question questionnaire for health care professional knowledge was used to assess asthma knowledge. One point was awarded to each correctly answered question, whereas a zero point was given to a wrongly answered or unanswered question. Knowledge was adequate if the score was 13\/18 or higher. Chi-square was used to compare categorical data, while analysis of variance was used for comparison of mean scores for asthma knowledge and inhaler technique. A\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value \u22640.05 was considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 114 participants were enrolled; 57% were medical officers, and 59.6% had work experience of &lt;5 years. The majority (53.5%) had no training on inhaler technique, and 75% had inadequate knowledge on asthma. Good asthma knowledge was associated with age \u226540 years (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.039) and being a medical specialist (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). Only 4.4% of the participants did all the steps of inhaler technique correctly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knowledge on asthma and inhaler use technique is generally lacking among health care professionals. In-service training on asthma and inhaler demonstration should be considered for HCPs in asthma clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2024.0028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T04:48:47Z","timestamp":1748839727000},"page":"400-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Limited Knowledge on Asthma and Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler Technique Among Health Care Professionals Attending Asthmatic Patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9482-8703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace Ambrose","family":"Shayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania."},{"name":"Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Awadh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania."},{"name":"Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mwanaada Ahmed","family":"Kilima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania."},{"name":"Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"WHO. 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