{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:22:07Z","timestamp":1787242927436,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Aerosol delivery may be enhanced by utilizing an inspiration-synchronized nebulization mode, where nebulization occurs only during inspiration. This study aimed to compare aerosol delivery of albuterol via a prototype of an inspiration-synchronized vibrating mesh nebulizer (VMN) versus continuous VMN during invasive mechanical ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n A critical care ventilator equipped with a heated-wire circuit to deliver adult parameters was attached to an endotracheal tube (ETT), a collection filter, and a test lung. The nebulizer was placed at the humidifier\u2019s inlet, inspiratory limb at the Y-piece, and between the Y-piece and ETT. Conventional VMNs producing standard size aerosol particles (Solo; Aerogen Ltd) were compared with prototype small-particle VMNs (Aerogen Pharma) in both inspiration-synchronization and continuous modes. In each run, 1 mL of albuterol (2.5 mg) was used (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 5). The drug was eluted from the collection filter and assayed with UV spectrophotometry (276 nm).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The inhaled dose with inspiration-synchronization mode was 1.4 to 3.6 times that with the continuous mode, regardless of nebulizer positions (all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). The small-particle VMN delivered an 8%\u201369% greater inhaled dose than the conventional VMN (Solo), regardless of the nebulizer placement or aerosol generation mode (all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). The highest inhaled dose (50%\u201360%) with the inspiration-synchronized VMN was observed when it was placed at the ETT (all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), whereas the continuous VMN performed better when positioned near the humidifier, with an inhaled dose of 21%\u201337% (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The inspiration-synchronized VMN delivered a greater inhaled dose than continuous VMN, irrespective of nebulizer placement. The prototype VMN producing smaller aerosol particles resulted in a greater inhaled dose than the conventional VMN (Solo), regardless of placement or aerosol generation modes. The inspiration-synchronized VMN achieved the highest delivery when placed close to the airway, whereas the continuous VMN delivered the most when positioned near the ventilator.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2024.0047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T04:08:26Z","timestamp":1733717306000},"page":"64-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In Vitro<\/i>\n Comparison of Inspiration-Synchronized and Continuous Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer During Adult Invasive Mechanical Ventilation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0121-1291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caylie A.","family":"Sheridan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA."},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, Batterjee Medical College, Abha, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6527-2363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James B.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA."},{"name":"Aerogen Pharma Corp, San Mateo, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07639"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-023-01147-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-1313"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-4114-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10550845"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05803"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02637"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2015.1243"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2016.1339"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-020-0293-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3182712783"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000338"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101580"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47672-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101574"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2023.0028"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202402-0437CP"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02999"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03927"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2017.1372"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2023.0026"}],"container-title":["Journal 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