{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:04:24Z","timestamp":1777529064209,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sciatica is a debilitating condition that causes pain in its distribution or in the lumbosacral nerve root that is connected to it. Although there are claims that homeopathy can reduce sciatica pain, systematic scientific proof is currently lacking. The objective of the trial was to determine whether individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) were as effective as identical-looking placebos in treating sciatica pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a double-blind, randomized (1:1), two parallel arms, placebo-controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted at Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Howrah, West Bengal, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty participants with sciatica pain were included in this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Verum (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200930; IHMs plus concomitant care) versus control (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200930; placebos plus concomitant care).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary\u2014Sciatica Bothersome Index (SBI) and Sciatica Frequency Index (SFI) scores and secondary\u2014Roland Morris Pain and Disability Questionnaire (RMPDQ), Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), and Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire (OLBPQ) scores: all of them were measured at baseline, and every month, up to 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Intention-to-treat sample (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200960) was analyzed. Group differences were examined by two-way (split-half) repeated measure analysis of variance, primarily accounting for between groups and time interactions, and additionally, by unpaired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests comparing the estimates obtained individually every month. The level of significance was set at\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.025 and &lt;0.05 two tailed for the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Group differences could not achieve significance in SBI (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044), SFI (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.080), and RMPDQ scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.134), but were significant for SF-MPQ (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007) and OLBPQ (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Gnaphalium polycephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096; 10%) was the most frequently prescribed medicine. No harm, serious adverse events, or intercurrent illnesses were recorded in either of the groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome failed to demonstrate evidently that homeopathy was effective beyond placebo, and the trial remained inconclusive. Independent replications are warranted to confirm the findings. Clinical Trial Registration Number: CTRI\/2020\/10\/028617.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jicm.2023.0260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T15:19:12Z","timestamp":1706800752000},"page":"671-681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Sciatica Pain: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4088-3018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddharth Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."},{"name":"Naxalbari Rural Hospital, Darjeeling, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1923-2816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trishita","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3505-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saleema Naaz","family":"Tabassum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."},{"name":"Kharibari Rural Hospital, Darjeeling, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0658-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashish","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6782-3701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubhamoy","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Microbiology, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College &amp; Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4706-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munmun","family":"Koley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Bishnupur State Homoeopathic Dispensary, Chandi Daulatabad Block Primary Health Centre, Under Department of Health &amp; Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal, South 24 Parganas, India,"},{"name":"Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College &amp; Hospital, Government of West Bengal, Howrah, India."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2308-5265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhranil","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Repertory, D.N. 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