{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:59:50Z","timestamp":1790837990370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ayush (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) system of medicine has been extensively used in India for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present report is the second update of a living systematic review and meta-analysis and has been intended to assess the preventive potential and safety of Ayush drugs against COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search of databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 database, the clinical trial registry-India, the AYUSH research portal, and preprint repositories was performed till March 1, 2023. Randomized controlled trials or analytical observational studies were included. Incidences of COVID-19 infections and mortality were taken as primary outcome measures; and symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, incidences of hospital admissions, and adverse events were taken as secondary outcomes. The risk of bias was evaluated by version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB-2) and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Data were synthesized through the RevMan 5.4 tool, and the certainty of the evidence was ranked through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of 2350 articles, 15 studies were included in the review. The pooled estimate of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Guduchi<\/jats:italic>\n                      [\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Tinospora cordifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Thunb.) Miers],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chyawanprasha<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ayuraksha<\/jats:italic>\n                      kit was obtained. Meta-analysis of the data suggested that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Guduchi<\/jats:italic>\n                      may reduce the incidences of COVID-19 infections (risk ratio [RR]: 0.67 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.48\u20130.95]) and the symptom development among the infected (RR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.73\u20131.08]), however, no change was observed in hospital admissions (RR: 0.96 [95% CI: 0.20\u20134.53]). It is uncertain that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chyawanprasha<\/jats:italic>\n                      reduces the incidence of COVID-19 infection (RR: 0.28; [95% CI: 0.07\u20131.08]).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ayuraksha<\/jats:italic>\n                      kit as chemoprophylaxis may reduce the incidences of COVID-19 infections (RR: 0.49; [95% CI: 0.32\u20130.77]). The certainty of the evidence was low to moderate mainly due to the serious risk of bias.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prophylactic use of Ayush medicines for populations at risk may help to prevent COVID-19 infection by reducing incidence and severity. However, considering the certainty and fewer studies, high-quality studies are still desired to confirm the efficacy and safety of Ayush chemoprophylaxis for COVID-19. Nevertheless, this update will serve as a torchbearer for policymakers, physicians, and other stakeholders for their decision-making through evidence-based medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jicm.2023.0357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T14:09:38Z","timestamp":1709215778000},"page":"602-619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ayush [Indian System of Medicines] Prophylaxis Against COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Second Update)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2863-6927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anup","family":"Thakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Panchakarma, Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6078-6031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalpesh","family":"Panara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dravyaguna, Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandip","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kayachikitsa, Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Panchakarma, Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Sungchol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SE\/HSD Department of Health Systems Development, WHO, SEARO, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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