{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:39:01Z","timestamp":1777909141386,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ilex latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    Thunb. (Aquifoliaceae), a Chinese bitter tea called \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">kudingcha<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\u201d has been widely consumed as a health beverage and found to possess antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ischemic activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of an ethanol extract of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    against amyloid \u03b2 protein (A\u03b2)-induced memory impairment in mice and neurotoxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons. Memory impairment in mice was induced by intracerebroventricular injection of 15\u2009nmol A\u03b2 (25\u201335) and measured by the passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test. Chronic administration of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (25\u2013100\u2009mg\/kg, p.o.) significantly prevented A\u03b2 (25\u201335)-induced memory loss.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    also prevented the decrease of glutathione concentrations, increased lipid peroxidation, expression of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and changes in apoptosis-associated proteins in the memory-impaired mouse brain. Exposure of cultured cortical neurons to 10\u2009\u03bcM A\u03b2 (25\u201335) for 36\u2009h induced neuronal apoptotic death. The neuronal cell death, elevation of intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species, and expression of proapoptotic proteins caused by A\u03b2 (25\u201335) in the cultured neurons were inhibited by treatment with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1\u201350\u2009\u03bcg\/mL). These results suggest that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. latifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    may have a possible therapeutic role in managing cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanism might involve the antiapoptotic effects mediated by antioxidant activity and inhibition of p-tau formation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2015.3443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,20]],"date-time":"2015-08-20T12:13:18Z","timestamp":1440072798000},"page":"1317-1326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["<i>Ilex latifolia<\/i>\n                    Prevents Amyloid\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    Protein (25\u201335)-Induced Memory Impairment by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Tau Phosphorylation in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Joo Youn","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungbuk National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong Kyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungbuk National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungbuk National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Kuk","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Han Kook Shin Yak"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeon Hee","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chungbuk National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00404-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-20-07736.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00993-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)00794-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer's amyloid \u03b2-peptide (1\u201342)","volume":"20","author":"Yatin SM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yatin SM, , Varadarajan S, , Link CD, , Butterfield DA: In vitro and in vivo oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer's amyloid \u03b2-peptide (1\u201342). 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