{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T12:10:12Z","timestamp":1782475812410,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In 2019, \u223c\u2009463 million people globally had diabetes mellitus (DM), with China (25.1%), India (16.6%), and the United States (6.69%) representing nearly 50% of that total. The primary objectives of this exploratory study were to assess the safety and potential efficacy of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nigella sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and fenugreek seed supplemented chapatis in overweight (OW) and type 2 DM subjects. Forty subjects (15\/OW; 9\/DM; 16\/DM\/OW) consumed two chapatis twice a day 6 days\/week for a daily dose of 5.45\u2009g of an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/fenugreek combination over 12 weeks with no changes in lifestyle or medications. Anthropometric, glycemic, and vascular variables were recorded at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma lipids, and complete metabolic profile were measured at baseline and termination. Compliance, estimated during twice-daily individual delivery of precooked chapatis, was 100%, with no significant adverse effects. At termination, body weights, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, index of central obesity, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, estimated average glucose over 12 weeks, total cholesterol (TC), non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG) were decreased (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) over all subjects. Subjects with HbA1c \u22657.0 exhibited greater improvements in all glycemic variables than HbA1c &lt;7.0 subjects. In addition, the decrease in HbA1c was positively correlated with decreases in (1) hepatic enzymes alkaline phosphatase (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.301,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0067) and aspartate transaminase (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.277,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0129), (2) systolic blood pressure (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.388,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0004), and (3) number of diagnostic metabolic syndrome criteria exhibited per subject (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.391,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0005), cardiovascular risk score (CRS) (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.281,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0115), and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.223,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.0467). Atherogenic and diabetogenic indexes TC\/HDL, low density lipoprotein\/HDL, VLDL\/HDL, and TG\/HDL were all decreased (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Among all subjects, improvement (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) was seen in CRS (\u221210.7%), fatty liver index (\u221219.8%), lipid accumulation product (\u221213.8%), and HSI (\u22127.53%).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/fenugreek supplemented chapatis present a safe and seamless dietary modification to address cardiometabolic risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T13:39:37Z","timestamp":1596721177000},"page":"905-919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<i>Nigella sativa<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum<\/i>\n                    Supplemented Chapatis Safely Improve HbA1c, Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Blood Lipids, and Fatty Liver in Overweight and Diabetic Subjects: A Twelve-Week Safety and Efficacy Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Amit S.","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Supreem Pharmaceuticals Mysore Pvt. Ltd., KIADB Industrial Area, Mysore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamala","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Supreem Pharmaceuticals Mysore Pvt. Ltd., KIADB Industrial Area, Mysore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Pacioretty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Nexus Ltd., Brooktondale, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"DeBenedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Nexus Ltd., Brooktondale, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Babish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Nexus Ltd., Brooktondale, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107843"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100627"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0393-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450119666180727142902"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-019-00709-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-1860"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12801"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-011-0261-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02147-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1528635"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jssas.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.2016.00950"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2019.8.2.138"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2016.5.2.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2012.910.915"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00070701211241563"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2011.451.456"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-004-0024-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-1037-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/964873"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2008.0199"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds with glibenclamide on blood sugar levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"2","author":"Memon AR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Memon AR, , Memon AR, , Shah SS, , Khand F, , Shaikh IA, , Khushk IA: Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds with glibenclamide on blood sugar levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. ISRA Med J, 2010; 2:46\u201351.","journal-title":"ISRA Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds with glibenclamide on body mass index in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"2","author":"Memon AR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Memon AR, , Memon AR, , Shah SS, , Khand F, , Shaikh IA, , Khushk IA: Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds with glibenclamide on body mass index in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. ISRA Med J, 2010; 2:10\u201315.","journal-title":"ISRA Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum with glibenclamide on serum triglyceride, HDL and creatinine levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"29","author":"Memon AR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Memon AR, , Shah SS, , Memon AR, , Naqvi ASHR: Effect of combination of Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum with glibenclamide on serum triglyceride, HDL and creatinine levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. Pak J Pharmacol, 2012; 29:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Pak J Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.647121"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Differences in consumption of food items between obese and normal-weight people in India","volume":"25","author":"Satija A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Satija A, , Taylor FC, , Khurana S, et al.: Differences in consumption of food items between obese and normal-weight people in India. Natl Med J India, 2012; 25:10\u201313.","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","unstructured":"Babish JG Pacioretty LM Debenedetto J: Compositions from Nigella sativa. U.S. Patent 9 180 155 B2. January 1 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0545"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"A review on laboratory liver function tests","volume":"3","author":"Gowda S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gowda S, , Desai PB, , Hull VV, , Math AAK, , Vernekar SN, , Kulkarni SS: A review on laboratory liver function tests. Pan Afr Med J, 2009; 3:17\u201317.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jomb-2017-0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.001180"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9279836"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2018.0063"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_2","first-page":"160","article-title":"2018 ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension","volume":"72","author":"Williams B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Williams B, , Mancia G, , Spiering W, et al.: 2018 ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed), 2019; 72:160.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.225"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4868-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2003.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_48_2","first-page":"757","article-title":"Lipoprotein ratios: Physiological significance and clinical usefulness in cardiovascular prevention","volume":"5","author":"Millan J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Millan J, , Pinto X, , Munoz A, et al.: Lipoprotein ratios: Physiological significance and clinical usefulness in cardiovascular prevention. Vasc Health Risk Manag, 2009; 5:757\u2013765.","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-018-0671-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.13038"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/129891"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.154504"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/JIM.0000000000000044"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-013-3788-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/362147"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004447"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-5-26"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2017.0119"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_59_2","first-page":"403","article-title":"Effects of Nigella sativa on various parameters in patients of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"29","author":"Hussain M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hussain M, , Tunio AG, , Akhtar L, , Shaikh GS: Effects of Nigella sativa on various parameters in patients of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 2017; 29:403\u2013407.","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/act.2010.16102"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01536"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_62_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Review on clinical trials of black seed (Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone","volume":"20","author":"Tavakkoli A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tavakkoli A, , Mahdian V, , Razavi BM, , Hosseinzadeh H: Review on clinical trials of black seed (Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone. J Pharmacopuncture, 2017; 20:107\u2013121.","journal-title":"J Pharmacopuncture"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_63_2","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Effects of thymoquinone on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glibenclamide in a rat model","volume":"10","author":"Ahmad A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad A, , Khan RM, , Alkharfy KM, , Raish M, , Al-Jenoobi FI, , Al-Mohizea AM: Effects of thymoquinone on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glibenclamide in a rat model. Nat Prod Commun, 2015; 10:1395\u20131398.","journal-title":"Nat Prod Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-013-0149-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:28:40Z","timestamp":1777645720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0075","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-620X","1557-7600"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7600","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}