{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:42:31Z","timestamp":1777909351717,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We compared the effect of oral glucose\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">versus<\/jats:italic>\n                    oral glucose combined with glycerol (glucose + glycerol) in promoting glucose recovery during hypoglycemia. These studies were carried out in two series of experiments. In the first series of experiments, 16 overnight fasted rats received an intraperitoneal injection of lispro insulin (1 IU\/kg), and 25\u2009min later, they received oral water (control), glucose (0.25\u2009g\/kg), glycerol (2.5\u2009g\/kg), or glucose (0.25\u2009g\/kg) + glycerol (2.5\u2009g\/kg). In the second series of experiments on 164 eligible type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients, 30 individuals with a history of hypoglycemia were recruited. Five volunteers did not meet the inclusion criteria and two subjects were excluded after starting the clinical investigation; 23 patients concluded the study. All patients with symptoms of hypoglycemia ingested oral glucose (15\u2009g) or glucose (15\u2009g) + glycerol (9.45\u2009g). To treat hypoglycemia in T1D patients, preparations containing glucose alone or glucose + glycerol were used alternately (2 weeks\/2 weeks) in a double-blind crossover scheme. Throughout the clinical research (4 weeks), glucose concentrations were assessed with a continuous glucose monitoring device and the results after the use of glucose alone or glucose + glycerol preparations were compared. Oral glucose combined with glycerol was more effective in promoting glucose recovery in comparison with glucose alone, not only in rats but also in T1D patients. Taken together, our experimental and clinical investigations reported the best performance of oral administration of glucose + glycerol in comparison with isolated glucose.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T01:02:16Z","timestamp":1607562136000},"page":"908-915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glycerol Potentiates the Effects of Glucose in Promoting Glucose Recovery During Hypoglycemia: From Basic to Clinical Investigations and Their Therapeutic Application"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Wilson","family":"Eik Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Juliana","family":"Wanczinski Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Masetto Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Batista Travassos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helenir","family":"Medri de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eniuce","family":"Menezes de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Biostatistics, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Barbosa Bazotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."},{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Paran\u00e1, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20165195"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"E149","article-title":"Glucose counterregulation: prevention and correction of hypoglycemia in humans","volume":"264","author":"Cryer PE","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cryer PE: Glucose counterregulation: prevention and correction of hypoglycemia in humans. Am J Physiol, 1993; 264:E149\u2013E155.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","article-title":"Hypoglycemia induced by insulin as a triggering factor of cognitive deficit in diabetic children","volume":"2014","author":"Vilela VR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vilela VR, , Marques ACR, , Schamber CR, et al.: Hypoglycemia induced by insulin as a triggering factor of cognitive deficit in diabetic children. ScientificWorldJournal, 2014; 2014:616534.","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30014-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(11)70020-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2012.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.42.11.1683"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-018-1065-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0362"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","first-page":"2883","article-title":"Effect of combined administration of counterregulatory hormones during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in rats: Lipolysis mediated by a \u03b2-adrenergic mechanism contributes to hyperglycemia","volume":"27","author":"Souza HM","year":"1994","unstructured":"Souza HM, , Hell NS, , Lopes G, et al.: Effect of combined administration of counterregulatory hormones during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in rats: Lipolysis mediated by a \u03b2-adrenergic mechanism contributes to hyperglycemia. Braz J Med Biol Res, 1994; 27:2883\u20132887.","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-014-2176-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-82502016000400021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2006.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01762.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705313104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.023796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.2.382"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-89132009000400008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","first-page":"455","article-title":"Synergistic effect of counterregulatory hormones during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in rats: Participation of lipolysis and gluconeogenesis to hyperglycemia","volume":"17","author":"Souza HM","year":"1996","unstructured":"Souza HM, , Hell NS, , Lopes G, et al.: Synergistic effect of counterregulatory hormones during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in rats: Participation of lipolysis and gluconeogenesis to hyperglycemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin, 1996; 17:455\u2013459.","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2003000100007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","first-page":"521","volume":"116","author":"Edgerton DS","unstructured":"Edgerton DS, , Lautz M, , Scott M, et al.: Insulin's direct effects on the liver dominate the control of hepatic glucose production. J Clin Invest.2006;116:521\u2013527.","journal-title":"et al"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/15384101.2014.947750"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","first-page":"S65","author":"Girard J","unstructured":"Girard J: The inhibitory effects of insulin on hepatic glucose production are both direct and indirect. Diabetes 2006;55(Suppl. 2) S65\u2013S69.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","article-title":"Oral glutamine is superior than oral glucose to promote glycemia recovery in mice submitted to insulin-induced hypoglycemia","volume":"2013","author":"Santiago AN","year":"2013","unstructured":"Santiago AN, , de Godoi-Gazola VA, , Milani MF, et al.: Oral glutamine is superior than oral glucose to promote glycemia recovery in mice submitted to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Int J Endocrinol, 2013; 2013:841514.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-006-0397-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.32.232"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(11)70647-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1530"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1319"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6104520"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1440"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2009.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.17.6508-6517.2000"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:28:47Z","timestamp":1777645727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jmf.2020.0126","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-620X","1557-7600"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7600","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}}}