{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:20:24Z","timestamp":1788466824694,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medicinal Food"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Polygonatum sibiricum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (PS) has been used as herbal medicine to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, how lactic acid fermentation of PS influences glucose and lipid metabolism remains unclear. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of PS fermented with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus brevis<\/jats:italic>\n                    YM 1301 (YM 1301) in streptozotocin and high-fat diet-induced T2DM mice. Biochemical analysis revealed that supplementation with metformin, PS, or fermented\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Polygonatum sibiricum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (FPS) lowered the fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of diabetic mice. FPS showed relatively more potency to reduce the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin than PS. Moreover, a high dosage of FPS protected against glucose intolerance and insulin resistance by increasing the ratio of phosphor-AKT\/AKT. Histological examination and quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that dietary FPS ameliorated the lipid accumulation in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) by inhibiting lipogenesis, enhancing lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation. FPS exhibited greater efficacy than PS on improving the transcriptional expression of adipose triacylglyceride lipase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and uncoupling protein 1. In addition, FPS exerted a striking anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the expression of interleukin 6, interleukin 1\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , tumor necrosis factor-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and transforming growth factor-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    in WAT of diabetic C57BL\/6 mice. Finally, FPS supplementation enhanced the activation of AMPK. In conclusion, these results suggest that the FPS may be more promising than PS as a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes and obesity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2021.k.0034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T16:36:03Z","timestamp":1626712563000},"page":"720-731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activity of\n                    <i>Polygonatum sibiricum<\/i>\n                    Fermented with\n                    <i>Lactobacillus brevis<\/i>\n                    YM 1301 in Diabetic C57BL\/6 Mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Caiyun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxian","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingru","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory 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