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Proteins in muscle tissue are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and atrophy accelerates this pathway.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Akkermansia muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Faecalibacterium prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains are effective agents against metabolic and inflammatory diseases in next-generation probiotic research. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain EB-AMDK19 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F. prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain EB-FPDK11 in a mouse model of muscular atrophy, since atrophy inhibits energy metabolism and immune activation. After oral administration of each strain for 4 weeks, the hind legs of the mice were fixed with a plaster cast to immobilize them for a week. As a result, the administration of EB-AMDK19 and EB-FPDK11 strains improved grip strength but did not increase muscle mass. At the molecular level,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F. prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    treatments decreased the expression levels of ubiquitin-proteasome genes,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">atrogin-1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">MuRF<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cathepsin L<\/jats:italic>\n                    . They increased the expression level of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulatory gene,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">PGC-1\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The effect of the strains was confirmed by a decrease in myostatin. Furthermore,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F. prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    modulated the immune function by enhancing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ZO-1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and inhibiting\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IL-6<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In particular, EB-AMDK19 promoted the expression of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n                    , an anti-inflammatory cytokine. These results suggest that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F. prausnitzii<\/jats:italic>\n                    may have beneficial effects on muscular atrophy, verified by newly isolated EB-AMDK19 and EB-FPDK11 as potential next-generation probiotics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2021.k.0148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T10:56:11Z","timestamp":1655376971000},"page":"565-575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["New Strains of\n                    <i>Akkermansia muciniphila<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii<\/i>\n                    are Effective for Improving the Muscle Strength of Mice with Immobilization-Induced Muscular Atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1790-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Rim","family":"Byeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Efficacy Assessment Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seo-Yul","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Efficacy Assessment Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonmi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Efficacy Assessment Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dohak","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strain Development Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon-Gi","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strain Development Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dokyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strain Development Team, R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo-Hyun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Gu","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","first-page":"124","article-title":"Muscle atrophy and weakness with aging: Contraction-induced injury as an underlying mechanism","volume":"50","author":"Faulkner JA","year":"1995","unstructured":"Faulkner JA, , Brooks SV, , Zerba E: Muscle atrophy and weakness with aging: Contraction-induced injury as an underlying mechanism. 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