{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:47:09Z","timestamp":1777909629533,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in a variety of physiological processes including ocular aqueous humor dynamics by targeting mechanisms that are complementary to those of prostaglandins. Here, we have characterized a newly synthesized compound, NCX 125, comprising latanoprost acid and NO-donating moieties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NCX 125 was synthesized and tested\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      for its ability to release functionally active NO and then compared with core latanoprost for its intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects in rabbit, dog, and nonhuman primate models of glaucoma.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NCX 125 elicited cGMP formation (EC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 3.8 \u00b1 1.0 \u03bcM) in PC12 cells and exerted NO-dependent iNOS inhibition (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 55 \u00b1 11 \u03bcM) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. NCX 125 lowered IOP to a greater extent compared with equimolar latanoprost in: (a) rabbit model of transient ocular hypertension (0.030% latanoprost, not effective; 0.039% NCX 125, \u0394\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u221210.6 \u00b1 2.3 mm Hg), (b) ocular hypertensive glaucomatous dogs (0.030% latanoprost, \u0394\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u22126.7 \u00b1 1.2 mm Hg; 0.039% NCX 125, \u0394\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u22129.1 \u00b1 3.1 mm Hg), and (c) laser-induced ocular hypertensive\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">non<\/jats:italic>\n                      -human primates (0.10% latanoprost, \u0394\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u221211.9 \u00b1 3.7 mm Hg, 0.13% NCX 125, \u0394\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u221216.7 \u00b1 2.2 mm Hg). In pharmacokinetic studies, NCX 125 and latanoprost resulted in similar latanoprost-free acid exposure in anterior segment ocular tissues.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCX 125, a compound targeting 2 different mechanisms, is endowed with potent ocular hypotensive effects. This may lead to potential new perspectives in the treatment of patients at risk of glaucoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2009.0120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,25]],"date-time":"2010-04-25T15:17:03Z","timestamp":1272208623000},"page":"125-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["A Novel Nitric Oxide Releasing Prostaglandin Analog, NCX 125, Reduces Intraocular Pressure in Rabbit, Dog, and Primate Models of Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Borghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bastia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Guzzetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Chiroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol B.","family":"Toris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minerva R.","family":"Batugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha T.","family":"Carreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wesley K.M.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Gale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Kucera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganesh","family":"Prasanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ennio","family":"Ongini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Achim H.P.","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, San Diego, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Impagnatiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NicOx Research Institute, Bresso, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580701501931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(84)34248-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"563","article-title":"Ultrahistochemical studies on tangential sections of the trabecular meshwork in normal and glaucomatous eyes","volume":"21","author":"L\u00fctjen-Drecoll E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"L\u00fctjen-Drecoll E., , Futa R., , and Rohen J.W. 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