{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:47:59Z","timestamp":1777909679325,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320364800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retinal ischemia-associated ocular disorders are vision-threatening. The aim of the present study was to examine whether\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                      -allyl\n                      <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                      -cysteine (SAC) is able to protect against retina ischemia\/reperfusion injury.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , retinal ischemia in the rat was induced by raising intraocular pressure (IOP) to 120\u2009mmHg for 60\u2009min.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an ischemic-like insult, namely oxidative stress, was established by incubating retinal ganglion cell-5 (RGC-5) with 500\u2009\u03bcM H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      for 24\u2009h. The mechanisms involved in these processes were evaluated by electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular biological approaches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The retinal changes caused by the high IOP were characterized by a decrease in electroretinogram b-wave amplitudes, a loss of choline acetyltransferase immunolabeling amacrine cell bodies\/neuronal processes, and an upregulation of the mRNA levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1 (HIF-1\u03b1), vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The increased protein levels of HIF-1\u03b1, VEGF, and MMP-9 were also seen in RGC-5 cells subjected to defined oxidative stress. Of clinical importance, the ischemic\/ischemic-like detrimental effects were concentration-dependently (least effect at 25\u2009\u03bcM) and\/or significantly (50 and\/or 100\u2009\u03bcM) blunted when SAC was applied 15\u2009min before retinal ischemia or ischemic-like insult, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SAC would seem to protect against retinal ischemia by acting as an antioxidant and inhibiting the upregulation of HIF-1\u03b1, VEGF, and MMP-9.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2011.0099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T15:47:47Z","timestamp":1320421667000},"page":"110-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of\n                    <i>S<\/i>\n                    -Allyl\n                    <scp>l<\/scp>\n                    -Cysteine Treatment of the Retina After Ischemia\/Reperfusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yan-Qing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University","place":["People's Republic of China"]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]},{"name":"National Yang-Ming University","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wynn H.T.","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Yang-Ming University","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorn-Hon","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi-Mi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Yang-Ming University","place":["Republic of China"]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Yang","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shen-Kou","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mason Shing","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiu-Mei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Ming","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","place":["Republic of China"]},{"name":"National Yang-Ming University","place":["Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2008.0005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(99)00044-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)00569-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.4.598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12177-010-9050-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"182","article-title":"Hypoxia inducible factor-1\u03b1 is increased in ischemic retina: temporal and spatial correlation with VEGF expression","volume":"40","author":"Hiroaki O.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hiroaki O., , Aimee Y.Y., , Neil D. et al. Hypoxia inducible factor-1\u03b1 is increased in ischemic retina: temporal and spatial correlation with VEGF expression. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 40:182\u2013189. 1999.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-009-9316-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2003.10.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2010.0063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(01)00460-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(00)00224-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3484"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760600719540"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.12.077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/38723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.060715"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.07145.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711796504664"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jop.2011.0099","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2011.0099","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2011.0099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:37:11Z","timestamp":1777646231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jop.2011.0099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jop.2011.0099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2011.0099","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-7683","1557-7732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-7683","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]}}}