{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:47:59Z","timestamp":1777909679308,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,26]],"date-time":"2011-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,26]],"date-time":"2011-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We have manufactured a novel human foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB). In this article, we determine whether the human FCVB releases levofloxacin\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and evaluate the release characteristics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Levofloxacin at dosages of 100, 250, and 500\u2009\u03bcg\/mL in 4.0\u2009mL H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O was injected into the novel human FCVB; then, the capsules were immersed in cups of modified Franz diffusion cells. Two hundred microliters of liquid was aspirated at intervals of 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360\u2009min. The levofloxacin concentrations in the cups were detected using the liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS\/MS) method. Five hundred \u03bcg\/mL levofloxacin liquor at volumes of 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0\u2009mL was injected into the novel human FCVB, and the release characteristics were detected for each. The capsules of the FCVB were observed under scanning electron microscopy before and after the release study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The novel human FCVB released levofloxacin in a time-dependent manner under 100, 250, and 500\u2009\u03bcg\/mL dosages from 10 to 360\u2009min. Particularly in the 250\u2009\u03bcg\/mL levofloxacin group, the concentration (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) had a good linear relationship with time (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>1\/2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      =1.3381\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>1\/2<\/jats:sup>\n                      +10.2818 (r=0.9954, Higuchi equation). The human FCVB released levofloxacin in a dose-dependent manner under 100, 250, and 500\u2009\u03bcg\/mL dosages from 10 to 360\u2009min in the total tendency, but the 500\u2009\u03bcg\/mL group released less levofloxacin than the 250 group at 300 and 360\u2009min. The human FCVB did not release levofloxacin in a volume-dependent manner with 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0\u2009mL volume. The 4.0-mL volume group released more levofloxacin than the other 2 volume groups. Numerous 300-nm-mili apertures were observed in the capsule of the FCVB at the beginning and end of this observation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A human FCVB can sustainably,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , mechanically release levofloxacin in both a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, but not in a volume-dependent manner. This study sets forth a novel combined research and therapeutic strategy as a vitreous substitute and intravitreal drug delivery system for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2011.0109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,26]],"date-time":"2011-10-26T10:55:17Z","timestamp":1319626517000},"page":"33-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Evaluation of Levofloxacin Release Characteristics from a Human Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Zhaoxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biyan","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Detang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaqin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianying","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100120009001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.1.111-124.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(03)00054-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71959-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.1.117a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1993.01090060016001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.124768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/54.22.2569"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01894-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1948-1952.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-009-0042-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(87)33535-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(99)00220-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702875"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2802"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2010.01006.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5869"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.4.387"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.24.4.253.8409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"592","article-title":"Effects of intravitreal levofloxacin on the rabbit retina","volume":"100","author":"Ohkubo S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ohkubo S., , Mochizuki K., , Torisaki M. et al. 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