{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:48:57Z","timestamp":1777909737239,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effects of several anti-glaucoma medications on the circadian intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      POAG patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =61; 61 eyes) with or without glaucoma medications were included. IOP measurement at 14 time points (12, 15, 18, 21, 0, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 0, 6, and 9 o'clock) was performed over a period of 48\u2009h. IOP changes occurring in the first 24\u2009h and the subsequent 24\u2009h were evaluated by several therapeutic factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nocturnal acrophase pattern was observed in all the eyes with POAG. The shape of the first 24\u2009h IOP curve was similar to that of the following 24\u2009h IOP curves. However, there were fewer overall IOP levels in the second 24\u2009h time period. Circadian IOP fluctuation patterns exhibited in each eye on the 1st and 2nd days were single acrophase patterns: diurnal acrophase (1st day, 54.0%; 2nd day, 60.7%) and nocturnal acrophase (1st day, 36.1%; 2nd day, 31.1%), and no single acrophase patterns: flat (1st day, 6.6%; 2nd day, 4.9%) and double acrophase (1st day, 3.3%; 2nd day, 3.3%). Among the different medication groups, a nocturnal acrophase circadian pattern was observed in the patient groups being treated by combinations of prostaglandin analog (PG) and \u03b2 blocker or PG, \u03b2 blocker and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI). However, this was not apparent in patient groups with or without single anti-glaucoma medications or a combination of PG and CAI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study of IOP monitoring patients with POAG over a period of 48\u2009h indicated that their changes in circadian patterns of IOP were affected by types of anti-glaucoma medications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2013.0121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T10:09:04Z","timestamp":1385633344000},"page":"12-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of Several Anti-Glaucoma Medications on the Circadian Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sachie","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-ichiro","family":"Inatomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazushi","family":"Umeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikuyo","family":"Ohguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ohguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Textbook of Glaucoma.","author":"Shields M.B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shields M.B. An overview of glaucoma. In: Shields M.B., ed. Textbook of Glaucoma., 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1998; p. 1\u20132.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00272-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00538-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.120.6.701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31551-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32297-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3668"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0181-5512(04)96300-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067211002000329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.09.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-301266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1978.03910060433007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00073-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","first-page":"1315","article-title":"Effects of timolol, epinephrine, and acetazolamide on aqueous flow during sleep","volume":"26","author":"Topper J.E.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Topper J.E., , and Brubaker R.F. Effects of timolol, epinephrine, and acetazolamide on aqueous flow during sleep. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 26:1315\u20131319, 1985.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3827"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2000.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(02)00296-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1R229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"2566","article-title":"Effect of timolol, latanoprost, and dorzolamide on circadian IOP in glaucoma or ocular hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Orzalesi N.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Orzalesi N., , Rossetti L., , Invernizzi T., , Bottoli A., , and Autelitano A. Effect of timolol, latanoprost, and dorzolamide on circadian IOP in glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 41:2566\u20132573, 2000.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)98043-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","first-page":"2566","article-title":"Effect of timolol, latanoprost, and dorzolamide on circadian IOP in glaucoma or ocular hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Orzalesi N.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Orzalesi N., , Rossetti L., , Invernizzi T., , Bottoli A., , and Autelitano A. Effect of timolol, latanoprost, and dorzolamide on circadian IOP in glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 41:2566\u20132573, 2000.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2011.0243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.06.006"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jop.2013.0121","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2013.0121","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2013.0121","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:38:55Z","timestamp":1777646335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jop.2013.0121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jop.2013.0121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2013.0121","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-7683","1557-7732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-7683","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]]}}}