{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:49:23Z","timestamp":1777909763073,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]],"date-time":"2014-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both superficial band keratopathy and deeper calcareous calcification have been linked to the presence of phosphate excipients in topical ophthalmic medicines.\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">1<\/jats:xref>\n                        <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\"\/>\n                        \u2013\n                        <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">3<\/jats:xref>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has concluded that patients with ocular surface disease are at greatest risk. This potential side effect should be highlighted to both prescribers and patients.\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">4<\/jats:xref>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      We aimed to review the excipients of commonly prescribed ophthalmic medicines to prepare a list of phosphate-containing drugs and also to investigate where to find this information.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed 78 commonly used ophthalmic drops and ointments for the information about their excipients. We reviewed the information written on drug boxes, bottles, patient leaflets, and in the electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC), which contains up-to-date details of all medicines licensed for use in the United Kingdom. The British National Formulary (BNF) was also reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found 22 phosphate-containing, 13 unbuffered, and 43 ophthalmic drugs containing buffers other than phosphate based. Most displayed the list of their excipients on their boxes and in patient leaflets. This information was also available on the EMC website but not in the BNF. Despite the EMA recommendation, none of the phosphate-containing medicines mentions corneal calcification as a potential side effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a reference list of phosphate-based ophthalmic drugs to be used with caution for patients with a compromised ocular surface. We found the EMC to be a reliable and easily accessible source of information about drug components. This information will also be included in the new editions of the BNF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2014.0054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]],"date-time":"2014-09-22T11:58:36Z","timestamp":1411387116000},"page":"800-802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Corneal Calcification and Phosphates: Do You Need to Prescribe Phosphate Free?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Magdalena Zuzanna","family":"Popiela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Singleton Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Hawksworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singleton Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.082792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Datta A. and Hawksworth N. Corneal calcification associated with the use of topical phosphate containing preparation. Available at: http:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/content\/90\/3\/285.abstract\/reply#bjophthalmol_el_1097 accessed on November12 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) Questions and answers on the use of phosphates in eye drops. Available at: www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Medicine_QA\/2012\/12\/WC500136247.pdf accessed on December13 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"The British National Formulary Feb 2014. Available at www.bnf.org accessed on December13 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"The electronic Medicines Compedium. Available at www.medicines.org.uk accessed on December13 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000154040.80442.8b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.10.1414"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283477d36"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31815c5a24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Clinical ocular pharmacology","author":"Fiscella R.G.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fiscella R.G., , and Burstein N.L. Ophthalmic drug formulations. In: Bartlett J.D., , Jaanus S.D., eds. Clinical ocular pharmacology. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers, 4th ed; 2001; p. 19\u201340.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(00)00148-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jop.2014.0054","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2014.0054","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2014.0054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:39:46Z","timestamp":1777646386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jop.2014.0054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jop.2014.0054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2014.0054","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-7683","1557-7732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-7683","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]]}}}