{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:37:13Z","timestamp":1790743033105,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate effects of a novel multi-ingredient artificial tear formulation containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in a murine dry eye model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dry eye was induced in mice (C57BL\/6) using an intelligently controlled environmental system (ICES). CMC+HA (Optive Fusion\u2122), CMC-only (Refresh Tears\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and HA-only (Hycosan\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) artificial tears and control phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were administered 4 times daily and compared with no treatment (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200964 eyes per group). During regimen 1 (prevention regimen), mice were administered artificial tears or PBS for 14 days (starting day 0) while they were exposed to ICES, and assessed on days 0 and 14. During regimen 2 (treatment regimen), mice exposed to ICES for 14 days with no intervention were administered artificial tears or PBS for 14 days (starting day 14) while continuing exposure to ICES, and assessed on days 0, 14, and 28. Corneal fluorescein staining and conjunctival goblet cell density were measured.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Artificial tear-treated mice had significantly better outcomes than control groups on corneal staining and goblet cell density (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Mice administered CMC+HA also showed significantly lower corneal fluorescein staining and higher goblet cell density, compared with CMC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and HA (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in both regimens 1 and 2.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The artificial tear formulation containing CMC and HA was effective in preventing and treating environmentally induced dry eye. Improvements observed for corneal fluorescein staining and conjunctival goblet cell retention suggest that this combination may be a viable treatment option for dry eye disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2015.0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T14:36:07Z","timestamp":1441031767000},"page":"525-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Evaluation of a Novel Artificial Tear in the Prevention and Treatment of Dry Eye in an Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yujing","family":"She","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Clinical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Clinical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G.","family":"Vehige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Clinical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70082-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-1319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.76.9.545"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000214802.40313.fa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199207000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31802e1e04"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"Simmons P.A. Beard B.J. and Vehige J.G. Optimizing viscosity of ophthalmic solutions with the combination of two polymers. Presented at the 7th International Conference on the Tear Film & Ocular Surface: Basic Science and Clinical Relevance; September 18\u201321 2013; Taormina Italy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000131097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0744"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-1326"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"317","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of trehalose eye drops for treatment of murine dry eye induced by an intelligently controlled environmental system","volume":"18","author":"Li J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li J., , Roubeix C., , Wang Y., et al. Therapeutic efficacy of trehalose eye drops for treatment of murine dry eye induced by an intelligently controlled environmental system. Mol. Vis., 18:317\u2013329, 2012.","journal-title":"Mol. 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