{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:51:19Z","timestamp":1777909879527,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the efficiency and potential toxicity of a linear 22-kDa polyethylenimine (PEI)\u2013DNA nanoconstruct for delivering genes to corneal cells and the effects of PEI nitrogen-to-DNA phosphate (N:P) ratio on gene transfer efficiency\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A gel retardation assay, zeta potential measurement, bright-field microscopy, transfection with green fluorescent protein (GFP), immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to characterize the physicochemical and biological properties and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay for cytotoxicity of the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      cultured primary human corneal fibroblast and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      mouse models.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the several evaluated N:P ratios, the highest gene transfection efficiency achieved without any notable cytotoxicity was observed at an N:P ratio of 30:1 (N:P 30).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene transfer studies revealed substantial GFP gene delivery into the corneas of mice 3 days after a single 5-min topical application without any significant adverse ocular effects. Slit-lamp biomicroscope ophthalmic examination of the mouse exposed to the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct showed no evidence of hyperemia (redness), corneal edema, ocular inflammation, or epiphora (excessive tearing).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The 22-kDa linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct is an efficient and well-tolerated vector for corneal gene therapy\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and could be used as a platform for developing novel gene-based nanomedicine approaches for corneal diseases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2018.0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T15:53:59Z","timestamp":1548863639000},"page":"23-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Linear Polyethylenimine-DNA Nanoconstruct for Corneal Gene Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jason T.","family":"Rodier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Divison, Harry S. 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