{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T23:53:21Z","timestamp":1784159601770,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to evaluate the effect of antiglaucoma ophthalmic solutions on the cornea with a corneal resistance device (CRD), and to compare the results with those by fluorescein staining.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 6 rabbit groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097 each), right eyes were administered latanoprost ophthalmic solution containing 0.02% benzalkonium chloride (BAK); dorzolamide\/timolol (1%\/0.5%) containing 0.005% BAK; dorzolamide\/timolol without BAK; dorzolamide\/timolol+latanoprost with 0.02% BAK; 0.005% BAK; or 0.02% BAK to the conjunctival sac 3\u2009\u00d7\u2009at 15-min intervals. Left (control) eyes were administered saline. Baseline and post-treatment corneal resistance (CR) were measured. The CR ratio\u2009=\u2009CR before versus after treatment. We evaluated superficial punctate keratitis by fluorescein staining using area and density (AD) grades.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the dorzolamide\/timolol-without BAK group, there were no significant difference in the CR ratio between the control and treatment eyes at any time point. In the 0.005%-BAK group at 30\u2009min and the other 4 groups at all time points, the CR ratio differed significantly between the control and treatment eyes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). AD grades were 0 in all control eyes and the dorzolamide\/timolol-without BAK and 0.005% BAK treatment eyes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonpreservative ophthalmic solutions (and those with low BAK concentrations) do not significantly affect corneal electrical resistance. Eye drop ingredients other than BAK may be involved in altering corneal electrical resistance. CRDs may detect corneal epithelium changes not revealed by fluorescein staining.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2020.0077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T13:52:10Z","timestamp":1610545930000},"page":"97-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effects of Antiglaucoma Ophthalmic Solutions on the Cornea Revealed by a Corneal Electrical Resistance Device"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Takeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"233","article-title":"Compliance in patients prescribed eyedrops for glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Patel S.C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Patel S.C., , and Spaeth G.L. 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