{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:23:13Z","timestamp":1790673793071,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate safety and tolerability on the ocular surface of an anti-septic formulation containing 0.6% povidone\u2013iodine (0.6% PVI) for a 4 week period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An observational, prospective study included 20 mild-moderate dry eye disease (DED) patients who enrolled at the Ocular Surface Disease Unit of the University of Messina, receiving 0.6% PVI eye drops for 28 days, 2 drops twice daily (BID). The assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire; symptoms score (0\u2009=\u2009absent to 3\u2009=\u2009severe) for burning, ocular dryness, foreign body sensation, watery eyes, tearing, photophobia, and ocular pain; fluorescein tear break-up time (TBUT); and corneal-conjunctival staining, performed at baseline (T0), after 7 (T7) and 28 (T28). Schirmer\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test, corneal endothelial cell count, intraocular pressure, and fundus examination were performed at T0 and T28. The main outcome measures were TBUT and corneal-conjunctival staining as markers of ocular surface homeostasis. For statistical analysis, Student's\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test and Wilcoxon test were used as appropriate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant alterations of the safety parameters were found throughout the study. Further, at T28 a significant improvement of burning, ocular dryness, foreign body sensation, and watery eyes (T0 vs. T28\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.03) were observed; corneal-conjunctival staining improved at T28 (T0 vs. T28\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and TBUT improved already at T7 (T0 vs. T7\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0008) lasting so till the end of the study. The only adverse event was mild burning at instillation for the first 3 days of treatment in most of the patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treatment with 0.6% PVI was safe and well tolerated in a group of patients with a damaged ocular surface.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2020.0085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T16:54:58Z","timestamp":1609174498000},"page":"90-96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Safety and Tolerability of an Eye Drop Based on 0.6% Povidone\u2013Iodine Nanoemulsion in Dry Eye Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Giovanni William","family":"Oliverio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosaria","family":"Spinella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa Imelde","family":"Postorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Inferrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Aragona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Vita-Salute University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Aragona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/78.2.212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2007.00405.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.15.4.635-639.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8071031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15569520903080511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"221","article-title":"Report of the National Eye Institute\/Industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes","volume":"21","author":"Lemp M.A.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lemp M.A. Report of the National Eye Institute\/Industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes. CLAO. J. 21:221\u2013232, 1995","journal-title":"CLAO. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.5.615"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.8.879"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e3283303e1b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-13-71"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200005000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3608-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(11)70025-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2016.0053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32834a95c9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/cpr.13.50"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.189407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(00)00750-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15569520600695512"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-015-0091-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000089211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/095646206779307487"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15569527.2017.1291665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"The Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of dry eye disease","volume":"112","author":"Messmer E.M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Messmer E.M. The Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of dry eye disease. Dtsh. Arztebl. Int. 112:71\u201381, 2015.","journal-title":"Dtsh. Arztebl. Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18467"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S215071"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13436"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","first-page":"343","article-title":"Comparative study of bacterial status from conjunctival sac of the elder Qiang minority and Han people with dry eye in Sichuan, China","volume":"5","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang Y., , Liu Z.R., , Chen H., et al. Comparative study of bacterial status from conjunctival sac of the elder Qiang minority and Han people with dry eye in Sichuan, China. Int. J. Ophthalmol. 5:343\u2013347, 2012.","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000225716.85382.7b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0588"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120284"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-019-9127-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2608"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09074"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997c"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307415"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000108120"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.6.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.2.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008044382-9\/50055-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210701700202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2009.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2013.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-019-00260-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13526"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70185-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.11.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0085","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0085","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:44:12Z","timestamp":1777646652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jop.2020.0085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2020.0085","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-7683","1557-7732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-7683","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}}}