{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:52:34Z","timestamp":1777909954471,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate inflammation biomarkers in diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective single-center study investigated 64 eyes of 64 patients with DME who were nonresponsive to prior antivascular endothelial growth factor and treated with intravitreal Ozurdex. The neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte\/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet\/lymphocyte ratio were calculated. Visual acuity and optical coherence tomography markers, including hyper-reflective dots and subretinal fluid (SRF), were determined, and central retinal thickness was also evaluated monthly for 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The average age was 64.06\u2009\u00b1\u20097.81 (48\u201384) years. The baseline NLR and MLR were significantly higher in patients with better visual outcomes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048, respectively). Better anatomical outcomes were observed in the presence of SRF (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.027). No significant differences were observed in the rates of the presence of SRF and hyper-reflective points about the better functional outcome (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SRF as an imaging biomarker, and NLR and MLR as blood biomarkers, stand out as markers of inflammation and were found to be associated with better response to Ozurdex implantation in DME.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2020.0130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T15:59:42Z","timestamp":1620403182000},"page":"430-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Assessment of Inflammation Biomarkers in Diabetic Macular Edema Treated with Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0890-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Vural","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8206-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Hazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"102","author":"Klein R.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Klein R., , Klein B.E., , Moss S.E., , and Cruickshanks K.J. 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