{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:40:51Z","timestamp":1784130051762,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assessed the effect of rebamipide ophthalmic solution on corneal epithelial injury due to benzalkonium chloride (BAK) by fluorescein (FL) staining and corneal resistance (CR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After determining the absence of corneal epithelial damage by FL and CR, rebamipide ophthalmic solution (50\u2009\u03bcL) was instilled five times, each interspaced by 5\u2009min, into one eye of mature New Zealand white rabbits, and likewise physiological saline was instilled into the contralateral eye as the control. After 30\u2009min, eyes were similarly treated with one of the following solutions: BAK solution 0.02%, latanoprost ophthalmic solution (0.02% BAK), or latanoprost ophthalmic solution without BAK. The presence of corneal epithelial damage was quantitated at 10, 30, and 60\u2009min by CR after the last instillation. FL staining was also performed at 60\u2009min after the last instillation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CR ratios (%) at 60\u2009min after the last instillation in rebamipide\/BAK and rebamipide\/latanoprost (0.02% BAK) groups were significantly increased by 18.3% and 25.6% compared with saline\/BAK and saline\/latanoprost (0.02% BAK) groups, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Findings by FL staining were consistent with those by CR; BAK and latanoprost with BAK groups were positive, and eyes with the most severe area and density of corneal epithelial damage (A2D2) were in the saline\/BAK group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rebamipide ophthalmic solution reduces the severity of corneal epithelial injury caused by BAK, an ophthalmic solution preservative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2021.0052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T16:34:30Z","timestamp":1640190870000},"page":"85-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Corneal Epithelial Injury in Rabbit Reduced by Rebamipide"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."},{"name":"Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health, Project Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Seki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."},{"name":"Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health, Project Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(92)31879-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4265\/bio.17.115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"2199","article-title":"Interferon-gamma induces apoptosis and expression of inflammation-related proteins in Chang conjunctival cells","volume":"40","author":"De Saint Jean M.","year":"1999","unstructured":"De Saint Jean M., , Brignole F., , Feldmann G., , Goguel A., , and Baudouin C. 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