{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:52:45Z","timestamp":1777909965469,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liraglutide treatment has shown promising anti-inflammatory and nerve regenerative results in preclinical and clinical trials. We sought to assess if liraglutide treatment would induce nerve regeneration through its anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic mechanisms by increasing peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in individuals with long-term type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary analyses were performed on a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial on adults with type 1 diabetes, distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN), and confirmed diabetic retinopathy, who were randomized 1:1 to either 26 weeks placebo or liraglutide treatment. The primary endpoint was a change in peripapillary RNFL thickness between treatments, assessed by optical coherence tomography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-seven participants were included in the secondary analysis. No differences in mean peripapillary RNFL thickness (overall \u0394Mean RNFL thickness; liraglutide \u22121 (\u00b18) \u03bcm (\u22121%) vs. placebo \u22121 (\u00b15) \u03bcm (\u22121%),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.78,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200937) or any of the quadrants. Peripapillary RNFL thicknesses were shown between treatments in either nonproliferative (\u0394Mean RNFL thickness; liraglutide \u22121 (\u00b15) \u03bcm (\u22121%) vs. placebo 0 (\u00b14) \u03bcm (0%),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.80,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200926) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy subgroup (\u0394Mean RNFL thickness; liraglutide \u22122 (\u00b114) \u03bcm (\u22123%) vs. placebo \u22121 (\u00b16) \u03bcm (\u22122%),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.88,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200911).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 26 weeks of liraglutide treatment did not induce measurable changes in the assessed optic nerve thickness. Thus, this methodology does not support the induction of substantial nerve regeneration in this cohort with established retinopathy and DSPN. The trial was approved by the Danish Health and Medicines Authority. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>TODINELI study: EUDRA CT: 2013-004375-12, Ethics Ref: N-20130077<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical trial registration number:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      NCT02138045\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2021.0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T10:41:35Z","timestamp":1639737695000},"page":"114-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Liraglutide Treatment Does Not Induce Changes in the Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Arendt Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1056-5171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rok","family":"Sega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital &amp; Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Uggerh\u00f8j Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Vorum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn Mohr","family":"Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital &amp; Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poul Erik","family":"Jakobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgitte","family":"Brock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Brock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital &amp; Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark."},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North, Aalborg, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62124-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"942","article-title":"Role of inflammation in diabetic retinopathy. 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