{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:54:20Z","timestamp":1777910060387,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the capacity of rebamipide (REB) to alleviate corneal epithelial damage induced via blue light (BL) exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eight-week-old C57BL\/6 mice were exposed to BL (410 nm, 100 J) twice daily for 10 days. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1 untreated and 4 groups receiving BL exposure \u00b1 different topical treatments: BL exposure alone, carboxymethylcellulose, 5%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      -acetylcysteine, and REB. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bcl-2<\/jats:italic>\n                      -associated X protein (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">BAX) protein<\/jats:italic>\n                      was analyzed. Apoptotic cells were detected, inflammatory cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and histopathological changes in the cornea were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The REB group demonstrated significantly lower BL exposure-induced ROS levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">BAX<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01) than the BL group. The number of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells were lower in the REB group than in the BL group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, ELISA analysis revealed significantly reduced TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 levels in the REB group relative to BL group levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed preservation of corneal epithelial thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rebamipide alleviated BL-induced oxidative damage to ocular surfaces by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting apoptosis, and suppressing inflammatory cytokine expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2024.0208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T11:30:50Z","timestamp":1745839850000},"page":"314-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beneficial Effect of Rebamipide Eye Drops on Blue Light-Induced Oxidative Damage in the Ocular Surface"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jingting","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyunjee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayoung","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeon Jeong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2788-1851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Chul","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-Gu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2023.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314540"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161041"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2024.112908"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31826a5de1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252011243"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911341"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242617"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13128"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27843"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2015.1133834"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0693-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20634"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27144"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2018.0131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117345"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.110142"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13441"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.174891"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020620"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63784-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2024.0098"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12020155"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22042015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-4567-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111571"}],"container-title":["Journal 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