{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:22:39Z","timestamp":1777915359422,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Palliative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand real-world dispensing and utilization patterns of medical cannabis (MC) and its financial impact on patients, we analyzed the database of a cannabis company licensed in New York state.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)\/cannabidiol (CBD) dose ratios, association of various medical conditions to THC\/CBD dose, and the cost of products in registered patients receiving MC from four licensed state dispensaries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis conducted on anonymized data between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020 listing 422,201 dispensed products from 32,845 individuals aged 18 years and older.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting\/Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult patients with medical certification for cannabis use in New York, USA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The database included patient's age, gender, qualifying medical condition, type and dose of product, medication directions, and amount of product dispensed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings showed a median age of 53 years with 52% of patients female. Males were found to use more products than females (1.06:1). Pain (85%) was the most common medical condition and inhalation (57%) the most common route except when used for cancer-directed treatment and neurological conditions. Individuals received a median of six prescriptions costing a median of $50\/product. Average THC:CBD ratios were 28:0.5\u2009mg\/day and 12:0.25\u2009mg\/dose. Neurological conditions demonstrated the highest average cost [mean (95% confidence interval {CI}): $73 ($71\u2013$75)] and average CBD\/dose per product [mean (95% CI): 5.89 (5.38\u20136.40)]. Individuals with a history of substance use disorder utilizing MC as an alternative substance displayed the highest average THC\/dose [mean (95% CI): 14.25 (13.36\u201315.14)].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MC was utilized for various medical conditions with variability in THC:CBD ratio seen depending on the condition. Cost variation was also observed based on the individual's medical condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2023.0075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T11:50:07Z","timestamp":1686138607000},"page":"1482-1487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis of Dispensing and Utilization Patterns of Medical Cannabis Products in State Licensed Cannabis Dispensaries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kimberson","family":"Tanco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Fellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Affairs Department, Lilly LLC, Hematology Medical Science Liaison, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen Y.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Shete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Harbison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Development Department, PharmaCann, Lead Retail Pharmacist, Amherst, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Scheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Daemen University, Amherst, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Bruera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Science. 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