{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T21:54:05Z","timestamp":1781560445781,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,11]],"date-time":"2015-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for women, and African Americans have higher rates of CVD mortality than do other racio\/ethnic groups. Women in community settings can benefit from preventive interventions, yet few investigations of successful programs have been conducted and evaluated in high-risk women, especially for metabolic syndrome. The purpose of our study was to pilot and assess the effectiveness of a 4-month pre-\/post-CVD preventive educational intervention in improving knowledge, clinical risk profiles, adoption of heart-healthy lifestyles, inflammatory burden, and cardiometabolic risk in African American women in local communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-two African American women (mean age 59 years) enrolled in the 4-month educational Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Intervention Program in Sacramento, CA, in 2010. Participants completed knowledge-based surveys pre-\/postintervention, provided clinical measures (weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and blood samples for analysis of fasting glucose and lipids, and inflammatory markers: tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1\u00b1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin (IL)-12.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CVD risk profile of participants confirmed a high-risk cohort. Postintervention (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =31), there were significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) gains in knowledge for all symptoms of a heart attack and calling 911; improvements in clinical risk parameters, especially for waist circumference and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05); and reductions in all the inflammatory markers assessed: TNF-\u03b1\u00b1by 16%, IL-12 by 20%, and hs-CRP by 26% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). There was also a 60% reduction in the number of participants with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05), driven primarily by reductions in triglycerides and glucose and a rise in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrated the efficacy of a pilot community-based educational cardiovascular program in reducing cardiometabolic risk and inflammation in high-risk African American women. Our successful culturally appropriate and sustainable model could be implemented as part of comprehensive efforts to improve community-based health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2014.5109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,11]],"date-time":"2015-08-11T14:18:39Z","timestamp":1439302719000},"page":"188-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Risk in African American Women Is Reduced by a Pilot Community-Based Educational Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Amparo C.","family":"Villablanca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Davis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cris","family":"Warford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Davis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kellie","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Davis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.21966"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182009701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"e46","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142010 update: A report from the American Heart Association","volume":"121","author":"Writing Group Members","year":"2010","unstructured":"Writing Group Members, Lloyd-Jones D, , Adams RJ, et al. 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