{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:07:47Z","timestamp":1780078067246,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Leptin, an appetite-regulatory hormone, is also known to act as a proinflammatory adipokine. One of the effects of increased systemic leptin concentrations may be greater sensitivity to pain. We report the results of two studies examining the association between leptin and pain: a small pilot longitudinal study, followed by a large cross-sectional study. In Study 1, three women with physician-diagnosed fibromyalgia provided blood draws daily for 25 consecutive days, as well as daily self-reported musculoskeletal pain. Daily fluctuations in serum leptin were positively associated with pain across all three participants (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">F<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1,63)\u2009=\u200912.8,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with leptin predicting \u223c49% of the pain variance. In Study 2, the relationship between leptin and body pain was examined in a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 5676 generally healthy postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative. Leptin levels obtained from single blood draws were tested for a relationship with self-reported body pain. Body mass index (BMI) was also included as a predictor of pain. Both leptin and BMI were found to be independently associated with self-reported pain (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively), with higher leptin levels and greater BMI each being associated with greater pain. Leptin appears to be a predictor of body pain both within- and between-individuals and may be a driver of generalized pain states such as fibromyalgia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T18:40:17Z","timestamp":1459363217000},"page":"752-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Association of Leptin with Body Pain in Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jarred","family":"Younger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristopher","family":"Kapphahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon D.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia L.","family":"Stefanick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.040561297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0780"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"193","article-title":"Effects of central and peripheral administration of leptin on pain threshold in rats and mice","volume":"24","author":"Kutlu S","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kutlu S, , Canpolat S, , Sandal S, , Ozcan M, , Sarsilmaz M, , Kelestimur H. 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