{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:32:11Z","timestamp":1792549931485,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Female physicians may experience unique challenges regarding fertility and family planning. We sought to determine childbearing patterns and decision-making among American female physicians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2012\u20132013, we surveyed a random sample of 600 female physicians who graduated medical school between 1995 and 2000. Primary outcome measures included fertility and childbearing history, reflections regarding decision-making, perceptions of workplace support, and estimations of childbearing potential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Response rate was 54.5% (327\/600). A majority (82.0%) of the sample were parents, 77.4% had biological children with an average of 2.3 children. Average age at medical school graduation was 27.5 years, at completion of training (completion of medical school, residency, and\/or fellowship) was 31.6 years, and at first pregnancy was 30.4 years. Nearly one quarter (24.1%) of respondents who had attempted conception were diagnosed with infertility, with an average age at diagnosis of 33.7 years. Among those with infertility, 29.3% reported diminished ovarian reserve. When asked what they would do differently in retrospect, most respondents (56.8%) would do nothing differently regarding fertility\/conception\/childbearing, 28.6% would have attempted conception earlier, 17.1% would have gone into a different specialty, and 7.0% would have used cryopreservation to extend fertility. Fewer of those whose first pregnancy was in medical school perceived substantial workplace support (68.2%) than those whose first pregnancies followed training (88.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A substantial proportion of female physicians have faced infertility or have regrets about family planning decisions and career decision-making. Combining a medical career with motherhood continues to pose challenges, meriting further investigation and targeted support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,27]],"date-time":"2016-06-27T16:58:19Z","timestamp":1467046699000},"page":"1059-1065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":241,"title":["Fertility and Childbearing Among American Female Physicians"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Natalie Clark","family":"Stentz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent A.","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Perkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rochelle DeCastro","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reshma","family":"Jagsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp078163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"La st\u00e9rilit\u00e9 physiologique des populations","volume":"5","author":"Vincent P.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Vincent P. 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