{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T13:21:52Z","timestamp":1792416112477,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized, multicenter, controlled double-blind trial was performed in women with cyclic breast pain (mastalgia) associated with fibrocystic breast changes (FBCs) to determine whether a nutritional formula reduced breast pain and\/or nodularity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women were randomized to receive a specifically designed liquid formulation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200993) (1\u2009g gamma-linolenic acid [GLA], 750\u2009\u03bcg iodine, and 70\u2009\u03bcg selenium) or control formula (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200995) (without GLA, iodine, and selenium) daily for three cycles. Women recorded breast pain, medications, and menstrual signs daily using interactive voice-response system. Nodularity was determined by physical breast examination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Breast pain scores decreased similarly in the experimental (\u221232.2%) and control (\u221233.1%) groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.64). Nodularity was reduced in the experimental, but not the control group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Among women who continued pain medication, the amount was reduced in the experimental group relative to controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with FBC using the formula containing GLA, iodine, and selenium experienced reduced nodularity and in those women who took over-the-counter breast pain medication, a decrease in the quantity of pain medication was observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T17:18:52Z","timestamp":1513185532000},"page":"333-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial of an Investigational Liquid Nutritional Formula in Women with Cyclic Breast Pain Associated with Fibrocystic Breast Changes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Mansel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapas","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine E.","family":"Baggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Noss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synexus (formerly Radiant Research)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William P.","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synexus (formerly Radiant Research)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Envision Physician Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Portman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sermonix Pharmaceuticals"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Hartford Women's Health Association"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Coble","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2010.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01674820109049956"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90825-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)38045-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.100"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1075-122X.2005.21492.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1075-122X.2004.21341.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"453","article-title":"Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast","volume":"36","author":"Ghent WR","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ghent WR, , Eskin BA, , Low DA, , Hill LP. Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast. Can J Surg, 1993; 36:453\u2013460.","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(00)00383-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008925301459"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20860"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21162"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)91932-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2336502"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2530245"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2007.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000333"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ormeloxifene in breast pain and nodularity","volume":"26","author":"Kumar S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kumar S, , Rai R, , Agarwal GG, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ormeloxifene in breast pain and nodularity. Natl Med J India, 2013; 26:69\u201374.","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc","author":"Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients","year":"2001","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Iodine. In: Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","first-page":"3401","article-title":"Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: Iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971\u20131974 and 1988\u20131994)","volume":"83","author":"Hollowell JG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hollowell JG, , Staehling NW, , Hannon WH, et al. Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: Iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971\u20131974 and 1988\u20131994). J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1998; 83:3401\u20133408.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","first-page":"377","volume-title":"Williams textbook of endocrinology","author":"Larsen P","year":"1992","unstructured":"Larsen P, , Ingbar S. Thyrotoxicosis. In: Wilson JD, , Foster DW, eds. Williams textbook of endocrinology, 8th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1992:377\u2013379.","edition":"8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153607"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13092"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.08.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:46:45Z","timestamp":1777657605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2017.6406","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9996","1931-843X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9996","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-843X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}}}