{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:41:13Z","timestamp":1777916473165,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depression and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are common morbidities during pregnancy. However, our knowledge about the national prevalence, correlates, and outcomes of co-occurring depression and HDP remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using a multiyear (2002\u20132014) nationwide inpatient sample, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study. Cases, behavioral and clinical covariates, and outcomes were identified using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification<\/jats:italic>\n                      Codes. Rates of depression and HDP were calculated across demographics, hospital characteristics, and morbidities. We estimated adjusted odds ratios that represent the unique and joint association of depression and HDP with birth outcomes. Joinpoint regression was used to describe temporal trends in depression and HDP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the over 58-million hospitalizations, there were 2,346,619 (3.99%), 1,117,857 (1.90%), and 63,081 (0.11%) cases of HDP, depression, and co-occurring depression and HDP, respectively. Compared to pregnant women without depression and HDP, women with depression and HDP were 3.41 times (confidence interval [95% CI]: 3.15\u20133.68), 1.94 times (95% CI: 1.65\u20132.27), and 4.10 times (95% CI: 3.89\u20134.32) more likely to experience intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth, and preterm labor, respectively, even after adjusting for potential demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical confounders. Depression- and HDP-related hospitalizations resulted in an additional cost of over $5 billion during the study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depression and HDP are associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes and significant health care cost, with HDP being the main driving factor. Screening for both HDP and depression followed by multidisciplinary care could alleviate the health and economic burden of HDP and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T16:51:50Z","timestamp":1564764710000},"page":"1460-1467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prevalence, Correlates, and Outcomes of Co-Occurring Depression and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mulubrhan F.","family":"Mogos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lenette M.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia S.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonette O.","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Downtown Women Ob\/Gyn, New York University Langone Center, New York, New York."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Piscotty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organizational Systems and Adult Health, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gelila K.","family":"Goba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/PRG-120016792"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181a45b25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001594"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181f60b0a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201100247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr394"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2008.366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200004000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/5VPD-WGL1-MTWN-6JA6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.4.293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.63.3.445"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7307.257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2007.00191.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3509403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::AID-SIM336>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000326"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","unstructured":"Song X Friedman B. 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