{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:10:47Z","timestamp":1787008247144,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Black women are at an increased risk of developing fibroids, but the cause is unclear. Douching and perineal talc use are common lifestyle exposures among Black women, and may be risk factors for fibroid development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study consisted of Black women 23\u201335 years of age in the metropolitan Detroit area (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091693) without prior diagnoses of fibroids and intact uteri. Main exposures were ever douching (yes\/no) and any perineal talc use (ever\/never). Main outcomes were prevalent fibroids at baseline (yes\/no) and total fibroid volume at baseline (no fibroids\/&lt;median total volume (2.00\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      )\/\u2265median total volume). We used log binomial regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and confidence intervals (95% CI) for fibroid prevalence and multinomial logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI for total fibroid volume.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result(s):<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fibroid prevalence was 23%. Forty-three percent of women reported ever douching and 15% reported ever using perineal talc. We did not observe an association between ever douching and fibroid prevalence [PR (95% CI):1.05 (0.89\u20131.23)] or total fibroid volume [OR (95% CI) \u22642:00\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      : 1.04 (0.66\u20131.42)] and [OR (95% CI) \u22652:00\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      : 1.06 (0.77\u20131.44)]. Women who ever used perineal talc had an increased prevalence of fibroids [PR (95% CI): 1.19 (0.97\u20131.46)]. This association was seen with both large and small total fibroid volume [OR (95% CI) volume \u22642:00\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      : 1.23 (0.81\u20131.86)] and [OR (95% CI) volume \u22652:00\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      : 1.39 (0.93\u20132.09)].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion(s):<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that perineal talc use is associated with increased fibroid prevalence. Additional research is warranted to investigate perineal talc in relation to fibroid risk in a prospective setting and to conduct laboratory work on potential tumorigenic effects of talc in the myometrium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T16:46:26Z","timestamp":1614962786000},"page":"1729-1735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Douching or Perineal Talc Use and Prevalent Fibroids in Young African American Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Maya A.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen R.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Upson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna D.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen B.","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.99"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.43"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5787"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1251477"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000164"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","first-page":"483","article-title":"Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis","volume":"41","author":"Kjerulff KH","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kjerulff KH, , Langenberg P, , Seidman JD, , Stolley PD, , Guzinski GM. Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis. J Reprod Med, 1996; 41:483\u2013490.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(03)02207-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"National trends and determinants of hospitalization costs and lengths-of-stay for uterine fibroids procedures","volume":"33","author":"Becker ER","year":"2007","unstructured":"Becker ER. National trends and determinants of hospitalization costs and lengths-of-stay for uterine fibroids procedures. J Health Care Finance, 2007; 33:1\u201316.","journal-title":"J Health Care Finance"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","first-page":"CR24","article-title":"Hysterectomy surveillance in the United States, 1997 through 2005","volume":"14","author":"Merrill RM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Merrill RM. Hysterectomy surveillance in the United States, 1997 through 2005. Med Sci Monit, 2008; 14:CR24\u2013CR31.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5277"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318197bbaf"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","first-page":"431","article-title":"Self-reported heavy bleeding associated with uterine leiomyomata","volume":"101","author":"Wegienka G","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wegienka G, , Baird DD, , Hertz-Picciotto I, et al. Self-reported heavy bleeding associated with uterine leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol, 2003; 101:431\u2013437.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-015-0043-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.7.1207"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women; data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth","volume":"23","author":"Chandra A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chandra A, , Martinez GM, , Mosher WD, , Abma JC, , Jones J. Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women; data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Vital Health Stat, 2005; 23:1\u2013160.","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0023"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2016.0187"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90332-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Talc granuloma of the uterus","volume":"1","author":"Shustin L","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shustin L, , Haviv YS, , Weinberger M, , Safadi R. Talc granuloma of the uterus. Eur J Med Res, 1995; 1:49\u201350.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000205046.11916.c5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2010.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxf004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Women's exposure to phthalates in relation to use of personal care products","volume":"1","author":"Parlett LE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Parlett LE, , Calafat AM, , Swan SH. Women's exposure to phthalates in relation to use of personal care products. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol, 2012; 1:10.","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq015"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109874"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5658"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116678686"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","unstructured":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans. Asbestos (chrysotile amosite crocidolite tremolite actinolite and anthophyllite). In: Arsenic Metals Fibres and Dusts. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans No. 100C. Lyon France: International Agency for Research on Cancer 2012. Available at: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK304374\/ Accessed December18 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","first-page":"285103","article-title":"The natural history of uterine leiomyomas: Morphometric concordance with concepts of interstitial ischemia and inanosis","volume":"2013","author":"Flake GP","year":"2013","unstructured":"Flake GP, , Moore AB, , Flagler N, et al. The natural history of uterine leiomyomas: Morphometric concordance with concepts of interstitial ischemia and inanosis. Obstet Gynecol Int, 2013; 2013:285103.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","first-page":"528376","article-title":"The natural history of uterine leiomyomas: Light and electron microscopic studies of fibroid phases, interstitial ischemia, inanosis, and reclamation","volume":"2013","author":"Flake GP","year":"2013","unstructured":"Flake GP, , Moore AB, , Sutton D, et al. The natural history of uterine leiomyomas: Light and electron microscopic studies of fibroid phases, interstitial ischemia, inanosis, and reclamation. Obstet Gynecol Int, 2013; 2013:528376.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.12.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2014.5051"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx231"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.04.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000434"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_2","first-page":"1673","article-title":"Perineal powder use and risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women","volume":"23","author":"Crawford L","year":"2012","unstructured":"Crawford L, , Reeves KW, , Luisi N, , Balasubramanian R, , Sturgeon SR. Perineal powder use and risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control, 2012; 23:1673\u20131680.","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0399"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000528"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-1221"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001078"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581815586797"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_2","unstructured":"Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. FDA advises consumers to stop using certain cosmetic products. FDA 2020. Available at: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/cosmetics\/cosmetics-recalls-alerts\/fda-advises-consumers-stop-using-certain-cosmetic-products Accessed September10 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)90005-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001091"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Ovarian Cancer and \u201cTainted Talc\u201d: What treating physicians need to know","volume":"116","author":"Casey R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Casey R, , Larkin TP. Ovarian Cancer and \u201cTainted Talc\u201d: What treating physicians need to know. Mo Med, 2019; 116:83\u201386.","journal-title":"Mo Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e32811080ef"}],"container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:53:19Z","timestamp":1777657999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2020.8524","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9996","1931-843X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9996","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-843X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}}}