{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T03:45:36Z","timestamp":1788234336642,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) are highly effective forms of contraception, which can reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy. Despite LARC effectiveness, women may desire to discontinue this method. This study will examine reasons for intent to discontinue and remove LARCs among U.S. women 15\u201349 years of age from 2017 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The National Survey of Family Growth 2017\u20132019 was utilized with a sample of 6141 female respondents. Descriptive statistics for intention to discontinue LARCs, difficulty removing LARCs, and reasons for LARC discontinuation and removal were examined. Rao\u2013Scott chi-square tests were conducted in SAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 22.9% of women reported ever using LARCs. Among LARC users, most women (81.2%) reported using LARC in the past 10 years. Among these women, 63.9% intended to discontinue LARCs, and 11.5% had difficulty removing LARCs. Reasons for wanting to discontinue LARCs include side effects (29.6%), LARC expiration (26.8%), LARC complications (19.3%), and decided to get pregnant (15.9%). Primary reasons reported for difficulty removing LARCs included: complications (68.3%), other reasons (13.4%), discouragement by provider (5.8%), and provider's inability to remove (4.9%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given that women who use a LARC method rely on providers to remove this contraceptive method, understanding the reasons for discontinuation and difficulties encountered is needed. Findings from this nationally representative sample identified provider-level and system-level barriers for LARC removal. To respect the reproductive autonomy of LARC users' method for pregnancy prevention, these barriers must be overcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T11:36:34Z","timestamp":1641814594000},"page":"733-740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Reasons for Intent to Discontinue and Remove Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives: National Survey of Family Growth 2017\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8443-0048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suprena","family":"Poleon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, and School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7115-0001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika L.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Daniels K Mosher WD Jones J. Contraceptive methods women have ever used: United States 1982\u20132010. Hyattsville MD: National Health Statistic Report no. 62 2013. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhsr\/nhsr062.pdf Accessed September8 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"Daniels K Abma J. Current contraceptive status among women aged 15\u201349: United States 2015\u20132017. Hyattsville MD: National Center for Health Statistics no. 327 2018. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/databriefs\/db327-h.pdf Accessed September11 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","unstructured":"Sonfield A Hasstedt K Gold R. Moving forward: Family planning in the era of health reform. New York NY: Guttmacher Institute 2014. Available at: https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/sites\/default\/files\/report_pdf\/family-planning-and-health-reform.pdf Accessed September17 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/48e10316"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . Increasing access to contraceptive implants and intrauterine devices to reduce unintended pregnancy. Washington DC : American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion no. 642 2015. https:\/\/www.acog.org\/-\/media\/project\/acog\/acogorg\/clinical\/files\/committee-opinion\/articles\/2015\/10\/increasing-access-to-contraceptive-implants-and-intrauterine-devices-to-reduce-unintended-pregnancy.pdf Accessed October18 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11591290-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","unstructured":"Branum A Jones J. Trends in long-acting reversible contraception use among U.S. women aged 15\u201344. Hyattsville MD: National Center for Health Statistics no. 188 2015. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/databriefs\/db188.pdf Accessed September11 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","unstructured":"Daniels K Abma J. Current contraceptive status among women aged 15\u201349: United States 2017\u20132019. Hyattsville MD: National Center for Health Statistics no. 388 2020. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/databriefs\/db388-H.pdf Accessed September10 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Long-acting reversible contraceptive use, active component service women, U.S. Armed Forces, 2016\u20132020","volume":"28","author":"Lotridge JA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lotridge JA, , Stahlman SL, , Patel DM, , Chauhan AV, , McQuistan AA, , Wells N. Long-acting reversible contraceptive use, active component service women, U.S. Armed Forces, 2016\u20132020. MSMR, 2021; 28:2\u201310.","journal-title":"MSMR"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"Exploring the uptake of long-acting reversible contraception in South Dakota women and the importance of provider education","volume":"70","author":"Weber TL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weber TL, , Briggs A, , Hanson JD. Exploring the uptake of long-acting reversible contraception in South Dakota women and the importance of provider education. S D Med, 2017; 70:493\u2013497.","journal-title":"S D Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2017.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2013.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2016.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000059"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/46e1614"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public-use data file documentation: 2017\u20132019 National Survey of Family Growth. Hyattsville Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics 2020. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nsfg\/NSFG-2017-2019-UG-MainText-508.pdf Accessed September3 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","unstructured":"Office of Management and Budget. Revisions to the standards for classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. Vol 62 No 210. Washington DC: Federal Register 1997. Available at: https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-1997-10-30\/pdf\/97-28653.pdf Accessed November6 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-020-00419-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"701","article-title":"Satisfaction, early removal, and side effects associated with long-acting reversible contraception","volume":"45","author":"Dickerson LM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dickerson LM, , Diaz VA, , Jordon J, et al. Satisfaction, early removal, and side effects associated with long-acting reversible contraception. Fam Med, 2013; 45:701\u2013707.","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001644"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2017.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2014.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2012.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","unstructured":"Armstrong E Gandal-Powers M Levin S Kimber Kelinson A Luchowski AT Thompson K. Intrauterine devices and implants: A guide to reimbursement. ACOG NFPRHA NHeLP NWLC UCSF 2015. Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalfamilyplanning.org\/file\/documents\u2014\u2014reports\/LARC_Report_2014_R5_forWeb.pdf Accessed March4 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303393"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002262"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00456-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302900"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2021.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2017.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2020.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","unstructured":"Planned Parenthood. Birth Control Methods and Options: Types of Birth Control. Planned Parenthood. Available at: https:\/\/www.plannedparenthood.org\/learn\/birth-control Accessed March3 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","unstructured":"Sonfield A. Implementing the federal contraceptive coverage guarantee: Progress and prospects. Vol 16 No 4. New York NY: Guttmacher Institute 2013. Available at: https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/gpr\/2013\/12\/implementing-federal-contraceptive-coverage-guarantee-progress-and-prospects# Accessed March7 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","unstructured":"Walls J Gifford K Ranji U Salganicoff A Gomez A. Medicaid coverage of family planning benefits: Results from a state survey. San Francisco CA: Kaiser Family Foundation 2016. Available at: https:\/\/files.kff.org\/attachment\/Report-Medicaid-Coverage-of-Family-Planning-Benefits-Results-from-a-State-Survey Accessed March7 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40834-020-00118-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.11.1279"}],"container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:55:43Z","timestamp":1777658143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2021.0272","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9996","1931-843X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9996","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-843X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}