{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:14:04Z","timestamp":1785161644866,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious public health crisis disproportionately affecting women of color. We examine whether interpersonal racial discrimination is associated with higher odds of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) among women of color and how it may vary by race\/ethnicity and maternal educational attainment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postnatal surveys conducted in nine jurisdictions between 2012 and 2015 that included a question about being upset by experiences of racial discrimination within 12 months before giving birth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Being upset by racial discrimination was associated with nearly three times higher odds of PPDS. Among women of color with at least some college education, the higher odds of PPDS associated with racial discrimination were greater than threefold, and for women with less than a high school education were less than twofold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Addressing risk factors for PPD, including racial discrimination, may inform strategies to reduce racial disparities in maternal mental health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2021.0426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T09:39:28Z","timestamp":1640857168000},"page":"158-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Are Experiences of Racial Discrimination Associated with Postpartum Depressive Symptoms? A Multistate Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Data"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4480-6706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Weeks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Center for Demography and Ecology, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmine","family":"Zapata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Rohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9456-0938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Center for Demography and Ecology, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185612"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.6.762"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-011-0812-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/9.8.575"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6919a2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-009-0504-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1171-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2015.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.10.693"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31816f28de"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-008-9185-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.14.4.326"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.04.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13557851003592561"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2017.1315378"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2010.00388.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2008.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2012.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","first-page":"497","article-title":"Discrimination, acculturation and other predictors of depression among pregnant Hispanic women","volume":"22","author":"Walker JL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walker JL, , Ruiz RJ, , Chinn JJ, , Marti N, , Ricks TN. 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