{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:37:53Z","timestamp":1792089473034,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure the prevalence and correlates of intimate partner, physical, and sexual violence experienced by trans women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) Study of 201 trans women was conducted in San Francisco from July 2019 to February 2020 using respondent-driven sampling. Prevalence ratio tests were used to test differences in the prevalence of violence by demographic characteristics including housing status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 201 trans women interviewed, 26.9% were currently homeless. In the past year, 59.7% had been homeless, 34.3% changed housing, 60.7% had a housing situation other than renting or owning. Experiences of violence were common: 36.8% experienced any form of violence, including sexual (16.9%), intimate partner (14.9%), and other physical (25.4%) in the past year. Experiences of violence were significantly associated with multiple measures of housing insecurity. Younger age, being misgendered, and substance use were also associated with experiences of violence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trans women face dual crises in housing and violence. Affordable, subsidized, and safe housing has the potential to reduce the exposure and vulnerability to violence faced by trans women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2021.0559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T12:42:21Z","timestamp":1652704941000},"page":"648-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Violence Experienced by Trans Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Akira","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Transgender Advocates for Justice and Accountability Coalition, San Leandro, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Scheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Sicro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dillon","family":"Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Arayasirikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willi","family":"McFarland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0237-495X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin C.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trans Research Unit for Equity, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.17.197251"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.306099"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"Human Rights Campaign Foundation. An epidemic of violence: Fatal violence against transgender and gender non-conforming people in the United States in 2020 [Internet]. 2020. Available at: https:\/\/www.hrc.org\/resources\/an-epidemic-of-violence-fatal-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people-in-the-u-s-in-2020 Accessed September27 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11107-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Taylor J Serim J; Learning for Action. San Francisco Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer & Intersex Violence Prevention Needs Assessment [Internet]. The San Francisco LGBT Center. 2015. 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San Francisco Homeless Unique Youth Count and Survey Comprehensive Report 2015 [Internet]. San Francisco California: Applied Survey Research. 2019. Available at: Youth_SanFrancisco_HomelessReport_2015_FINAL-Aug11.pdf Accessed September27 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"Coalition On Homelessness. Stop the revolving door: A street level framework for a New System [Internet]. San Francisco. 2020 pp. 1\u201396. Available at: https:\/\/www.cohsf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Stop-the-Revolving-1.pdf Accessed September27 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"The report of the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey","author":"James SE","year":"2016","unstructured":"James SE, , Herman JL, , Rankin S, , Keisling M, , Mottet L, , Anafi M. The report of the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey. 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