{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:12:27Z","timestamp":1790745147152,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent public health concern. Combustible cigarette use is associated with increased risk of PPD. While electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use during pregnancy is linked to increased risk of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, the relationship between e-cigarette use and PPD is not well understood. We sought to examine the association of e-cigarette use with PPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016\u20132019 data, unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses for PPD were conducted via three analyses where e-cigarette use (any vs. none) was retrospectively self-reported (1) in past 2-year, (2) prepregnancy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">i.e.<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 3 months before pregnancy), and (3) during pregnancy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">i.e.<\/jats:italic>\n                      , last 3 months of pregnancy). We conducted an additional past 2-year e-cigarette use analysis excluding those who used combustible cigarette and\/or hookah. Covariates included age, race, ethnicity, combustible cigarette, and\/or hookah use, prenatal care during the last trimester, health insurance coverage during pregnancy, physical abuse during pregnancy, income, and survey type.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Only unadjusted odds ratios from past 2-year e-cigarette use (1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42\u20131.87) and past 2-year e-cigarette use excluding individuals with cigarette and\/or hookah use (1.78, 95% CI: 1.30\u20132.38) were statistically associated with PPD. No adjusted analyses were statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Any e-cigarette use, as compared to no use, does not appear to be an independent risk factor of PPD, though it may be a useful clinical marker of increased risk of PPD. Future studies are warranted to advance our knowledge of impact of e-cigarette use on PPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2023.0061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T16:05:45Z","timestamp":1699545945000},"page":"45-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association of e-Cigarette Use and Postpartum Depression: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Briana M.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomic Research, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea H.","family":"Weinberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raina D.","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise E.","family":"DeVito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie L.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1007-4949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia M.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","volume-title":"E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"Anonymous","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anonymous. E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US): Atlanta, Georgia; 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j3262"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01808-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1064"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-021-00380-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0167482X.2017.1415881"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","first-page":"193","article-title":"Risk factors for postpartum depression: A retrospective investigation at 4-weeks postnatal and a review of the literature","volume":"106","author":"McCoy SJB","year":"2006","unstructured":"McCoy SJB, , Beal JM, , Shipman SBM, et al. Risk factors for postpartum depression: A retrospective investigation at 4-weeks postnatal and a review of the literature. 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