{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:28:17Z","timestamp":1784950097131,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-Hispanic Black women have increased rates of preterm birth and low infant birth weight. However, we do not know if these disparities replicate in women veterans, a population that may be at further risk for poor perinatal outcomes. This study sought to examine ethnoracial differences in preterm birth and low infant birth weight in veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A national sample of randomly chosen women veterans (i.e., oversampled for residency in high crime neighborhoods) reported information about all pregnancies they have had in their life, demographic characteristics, and history of childhood trauma exposures. The analytic sample was limited to individuals who identified as Hispanic\/Latinx, Black, or White (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 972). Mixed-effects regression models were used to examine ethnoracial differences in gestational age at delivery and infant birth weight, controlling for age at pregnancy, childhood trauma exposure, pregnancy during military service, income, and education.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both Black and Hispanic\/Latinx veterans were significantly more likely to have an infant born at lower gestational age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22121.04 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22121.11, respectively) and lower infant birth weight (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u2212195.83 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u2212144.27, respectively) as compared with White veterans in covariate-adjusted models. Black (odds ratio = 3.24, confidence interval = 1.16, 9.09) veterans were more likely to meet the clinical definition of preterm birth as compared with White veterans.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results align with what is seen in the general population regarding ethnoracial disparities in gestational age at delivery and infant birth weight. Findings highlight the critical need for more research on mechanisms and prevention efforts for ethnoracial disparities in perinatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2023.0162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T04:40:51Z","timestamp":1713501651000},"page":"863-869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ethnoracial Disparities in Perinatal Outcomes Among Women Veterans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yael I.","family":"Nillni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD, Women\u2019s Health Sciences Division at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4776-1873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annie B.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD, Women\u2019s Health Sciences Division at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"School of Healthcare Leadership, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Sciences Division at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara E.","family":"Galovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD, Women\u2019s Health Sciences Division at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:112078"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","article-title":"Births: Final data for 2016","volume":"67","author":"Martin JA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martin JA, , Hamilton BE, , Osterman MJ, et al. 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