{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:48:24Z","timestamp":1777916904272,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection, and cervical cancer in a high-risk, underscreened incarcerated population and to evaluate the performance of current cervical cancer screening options to detect cervical precancer (CIN 2\/3) in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deidentified data were obtained from all cytological, hrHPV DNA, and histopathological testing of cervical biopsies performed on people incarcerated at the North Carolina Correctional Institute for Women between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2020. These were linked to corresponding demographic data. The proportions of histopathological diagnoses of CIN2+ and CIN3+ immediately preceded by abnormal cytology testing or hrHPV testing were determined, and prevalence differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 15,319 individuals incarcerated at the North Carolina Correctional Institute for Women had at least one cytology result during 2013\u20132020. Of these, 2,829 (18%) had abnormal cervical cytology, and 3,724 (24.3%) had positive hrHPV testing. The detection of CIN2+ was 95.9% by preceding abnormal cervical cytology, 89.9% by preceding positive hrHPV testing (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03), and 96.5% by preceding positive co-testing. The detection rate of CIN3+ was 96.6% by preceding abnormal cervical cytology, 90.8% by preceding positive hrHPV testing (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.12), and 96.6% by positive co-testing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our sample, primary cytology and co-testing detected CIN2+ at higher rates when compared with primary hrHPV testing. This reinforces that incarcerated populations do not fall into average-risk populations for which current cervical cancer screening options are designed, which should be considered when performing screening in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T11:02:27Z","timestamp":1712919747000},"page":"1034-1041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparing Cervical Cancer Screening Strategies in an Incarcerated Population"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6239-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Caroline","family":"Cochrane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooke W.","family":"Bullington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."},{"name":"Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Prokopowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Rahangdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."},{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Lineberger Cancer Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea K.","family":"Knittel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-212557"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.090662"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26250"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-1186"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.1574.13.10"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28665"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000132"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jphp.2010.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30466-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2011.590875"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7440"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2015.0130"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000525"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.10400"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-574"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031811-124614"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.90.12.1939"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1469"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.052498"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqy114"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","volume-title":"2023 North Carolina Development Tier Designations","author":"Cooper RS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cooper RS, , Baker M. 2023 North Carolina Development Tier Designations. In: Commerce NCDo (ed.) Raleigh, North Carolina; 2022."},{"issue":"280","key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of HPV in adults aged 18-69: United States, 2011-2014","author":"McQuillan G","year":"2017","unstructured":"McQuillan G, , Kruszon-Moran D, , Markowitz LE, et al. Prevalence of HPV in adults aged 18-69: United States, 2011-2014. NCHS Data Brief, 2017(280):1\u20138.","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-8049(00)00330-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000115510.81613.f0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines6030093"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106400"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2020.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2017.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-018-0794-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6733a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","unstructured":"NC Rural Center. Rural health: Availability accessibility and affordability. 2021 Available from: https:\/\/www.ncruralcenter.org\/2021\/03\/issue-specific-factsheets\/ [Last accessed: January1 2023]."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","first-page":"657","article-title":"Would female inmates accept Papanicolaou smear screening if it was offered to them during their incarceration","volume":"162","author":"Martin RE","year":"2000","unstructured":"Martin RE. Would female inmates accept Papanicolaou smear screening if it was offered to them during their incarceration? CMAJ, 2000; 162(5):657\u2013658.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7789"}],"container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:59:42Z","timestamp":1777658382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2023.0513","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9996","1931-843X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9996","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-843X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}}}