{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T02:15:40Z","timestamp":1793153740580,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with disabilities may require specific medications in pregnancy. The prevalence and patterns of medication use, overall and for medications with known teratogenic risks, are largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada, 2004\u20132021, comprised all recognized pregnancies among individuals eligible for public drug plan coverage. Included were those with a physical (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 44,136), sensory (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 13,633), intellectual or developmental (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2,446) disability, or multiple disabilities (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 5,064), compared with those without a disability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 299,944). Prescription medication use in pregnancy, overall and by type, was described. Modified Poisson regression generated relative risks (aRR) for the use of medications with known teratogenic risks and use of \u22652 and \u22655 medications concurrently in pregnancy, comparing those with versus without a disability, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medication use in pregnancy was more common in people with intellectual or developmental (82.1%), multiple (80.4%), physical (73.9%), and sensory (71.9%) disabilities, than in those with no known disability (67.4%). Compared with those without a disability (5.7%), teratogenic medication use in pregnancy was especially higher in people with multiple disabilities (14.2%; aRR 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.88\u20132.20). Furthermore, compared with people without a disability (3.2%), the use of \u22655 medications concurrently was more common in those with multiple disabilities (13.4%; aRR 2.21, 95% CI: 2.02\u20132.41) and an intellectual or developmental disability (9.3%; aRR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.86\u20132.45).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among people with disabilities, medication use in pregnancy is prevalent, especially for potentially teratogenic medications and polypharmacy, highlighting the need for preconception counseling\/monitoring to reduce medication-related harm in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  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