{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:13:47Z","timestamp":1792512827583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>: To describe the work experience and respiratory health of women coal miners in the United States using Coal Workers\u2019 Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP) data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analysis included CWHSP participants with self-reported sex of female between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2022, and examined radiographic surveillance, demographics, and job history. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-certified physicians classified chest radiographs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 8,182 women participants, most worked &lt;10 years and a majority reported working in non-dusty jobs. Among 3,392 with \u22651 year of coal mining tenure, 18 (0.5%) had evidence of pneumoconiosis, with no cases of progressive massive fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women coal miners participating in the CWSHP had short mining careers and low pneumoconiosis prevalence. Few worked in the most dusty jobs, indicating limited exposure to coal mine dust. This underscores the need to explore women\u2019s roles in mining, and for improved gender-specific employment reporting. Such changes can enhance health and work conditions for women in male-dominated industries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T04:54:26Z","timestamp":1718340866000},"page":"1219-1223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Women in Coal Mining\u2014Radiographic Findings of Women Participants in the Coal Workers\u2019 Health Surveillance Program 1970\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6710-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noemi B.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirmala T.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Blackley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Scott","family":"Laney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","volume-title":"Monitoring and Sampling Approaches to Assess Underground Coal Mine Dust Exposures","year":"2018","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine. In: Monitoring and Sampling Approaches to Assess Underground Coal Mine Dust Exposures. Washington, DC; 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","volume-title":"Women in the Mines: Stories of Life and Work","author":"Moore M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moore M. Women in the Mines: Stories of Life and Work. Twayne Pub: New York, New York; 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","volume-title":"An Act to prohibit the Employment of Women and Girls in Mines and Collieries, to regulate the Employment of Boys, and to make other Provisions relating to Persons working therein","author":"Parliament of the United Kingdom","year":"1842","unstructured":"Parliament of the United Kingdom. An Act to prohibit the Employment of Women and Girls in Mines and Collieries, to regulate the Employment of Boys, and to make other Provisions relating to Persons working therein. United Kingdom; 1842."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exis.2019.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","article-title":"Chronological development of labor legislation for women in the United States","volume":"66","author":"U.S. Department of Labor Women\u2019s Bureau Florence P. Smith","year":"1931","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Labor Women\u2019s Bureau Florence P. Smith. Chronological development of labor legislation for women in the United States. Bulletin of the Womens\u2019 Bureau, 1931; 66\u201311.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Womens\u2019 Bureau"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","first-page":"232","article-title":"Re-gendering coal: Female miners and male supervisors","volume":"27","author":"Savage C","year":"2000","unstructured":"Savage C. Re-gendering coal: Female miners and male supervisors. Appalachian Journal, 2000; 27(3):232\u2013248.","journal-title":"Appalachian Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","first-page":"1880","article-title":"West virginia history journal","volume":"49","author":"Hensley FS","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hensley FS. West virginia history journal. Women in the Industrial Work Force in West Virginia, 1990; 49:1880\u20131945.","journal-title":"Women in the Industrial Work Force in West Virginia"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","volume-title":"The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978","author":"The 95th United States Congress","year":"1978","unstructured":"The 95th United States Congress. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978. Congress: Washington DC; 1978."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","unstructured":"United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama Southern District. U.S.A. and EEOC v. Allegheny Ludlum Industries Inc. et al. Alabama; 1974."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","volume-title":"The Coal Employment Project \u2013 How Women Can Make Breakthroughs Into Nontraditional Industries","author":"U.S. Department of Labor Women\u2019s Bureau","year":"1985","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Labor Women\u2019s Bureau. The Coal Employment Project \u2013 How Women Can Make Breakthroughs Into Nontraditional Industries. U.S. Department of Labor, Women\u2019s Bureau: Washington D.C.; 1985."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","volume-title":"In Coal Mine No. 29, Two Women Work Alongside the Men \u2013 Kin Tried to Discourage Them","author":"Klemesrub J","year":"1974","unstructured":"Klemesrub J. In Coal Mine No. 29, Two Women Work Alongside the Men \u2013 Kin Tried to Discourage Them. The New York Times: New York; 1974."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","unstructured":"Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. Public Law No. 91-173 S. 2917. 1969."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","unstructured":"Federal Mine Safety and Health Amendments Act of 1977. 95th Congress Public Law 95-164. 1977."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Coal Workers\u2019 Health Surveillance Program. Morgantown WV; 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/topics\/cwhsp\/default.html [Last accessed: May11 2022]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2023.0034"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Health Equity. Health equity; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthequity\/index.html [Last accessed: August23]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","volume-title":"Establishment of the White House Gender Policy Council. White House","author":"Executive Order 14020","year":"2021","unstructured":"Executive Order 14020. Establishment of the White House Gender Policy Council. White House: Washington DC; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2022-108644"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","unstructured":"Department of Health and Human Services. U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Title 42. Chapter I. Part 37. 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000003004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22974"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23074"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Use of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses","author":"International Labour Office","year":"2011","unstructured":"International Labour Office. Guidelines for the Use of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses. International Labour Office: Geneva; 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","unstructured":"US Energy Information Administration. Annual Coal Report. Washington DC; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/coal\/annual\/ [Last accessed: November19 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","volume-title":"Information Circular 9527: National Suvey of the Mining Population Part 1: Employees","author":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","year":"2012","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Information Circular 9527: National Suvey of the Mining Population Part 1: Employees. Department of Health and Human Services: Pittsburgh, PA; 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","unstructured":"Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration. Lowering Miners\u2019 Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust Including Continuous Personal Dust Monitors. 30 CFR Parts 70 71 72 et al. 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001084"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089124395009006004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-0831.2000.tb00027.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-019-00237-5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:01:17Z","timestamp":1777658477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2024.0140","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9996","1931-843X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9996","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-843X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}}}