{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:38:40Z","timestamp":1793335120095,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["LGBT Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the past 2 years, nearly all 50 states have debated bills seeking to ban minors\u2019 access to gender-affirming medical interventions, with many being passed into law. This study documents gender-diverse youths\u2019 (GDY) and their caregivers\u2019 experiences as they grapple with how such laws impact their families.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen GDY and 16 caregivers participating in a longitudinal study of the impact of gender-affirming care on GDYs\u2019 well-being were interviewed about how the legal and social discourse was impacting them and their families. When interviewed, some participants had completed only the initial intake, others had completed the intake and an initial medical consultation, and a few had recently started gender-affirming hormones. Thematic analysis was used to identify common threads in the youths\u2019 and caregivers\u2019 experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four main themes were identified: Direct effects of losing access to gender-affirming medical interventions, reflecting how losing access to care would impact well-being; growing hostility toward the gender-diverse community, noting increasing social negativity; personal and social upheaval, reflecting the many aspects of families\u2019 lives affected; and galvanization into social action, documenting drives to effect social change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Laws banning gender-affirming medical interventions impact GDY and their families beyond limiting access to medical care. They increase the social stressors, cause social network disruptions, increase hostility toward the gender-diverse community, and lead some GDY and caregivers to engage more politically to protect their community. Gender-affirming health care providers need to recognize how the social and political environment impact GDY and their families to provide high-quality, person-centered care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T13:33:21Z","timestamp":1721741601000},"page":"108-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Perspectives of Gender-Diverse Youth and Caregivers Facing Gender-Affirming Medical Intervention Bans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5976-488X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard A.","family":"Brandon-Friedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."},{"name":"School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0810-9161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Tabb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8883-6659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa M.","family":"Imburgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."},{"name":"School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4129-0166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayon R.","family":"Swafford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6612-176X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Dennis","family":"Fortenberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6602-3091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meredith","family":"Canada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2143-4612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly L.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"American Civil Liberties Union. Mapping attacks on LGBTQ rights in U.S. state legislature. New York NY; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights [Last accessed: February23 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2162"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-043021-032007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","unstructured":"American Medical Association. AMA Reinforces Opposition to Restrictions on Transgender Medical Care. Chicago IL; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/press-center\/press-releases\/ama-reinforces-opposition-restrictions-transgender-medical-care [Last accessed: February23 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01658"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2100644"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","unstructured":"Dawson L Kates J. Policy Tracker: Youth Access to Gender Affirming Care and State Policy Restrictions. San Francisco CA; 2024. Available from: https:\/\/www.kff.org\/other\/dashboard\/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker\/ [Last accessed: June24 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","unstructured":"Movement Advancement Project. Bans on Best Practice Medical Care for Transgender Youth. Boulder CO; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.lgbtmap.org\/equality-maps\/healthcare_youth_medical_care_bans [Last accessed: June24 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cpp0000456"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.4483"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsaa040"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.70226\/BUPF7897"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100719"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","unstructured":"Indiana General Assembly. Indiana Senate Enrolled Act 480: Gender transition procedures for minors. Indianapolis IN; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/iga.in.gov\/pdf-documents\/123\/2023\/senate\/bills\/SB0480\/SB0480.05.ENRH.pdf [Last accessed: Februrary23 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","unstructured":"K.C. v. Individual Members of the Medical Licensing Board of Indiana in their official capacities et al. No. 1:23-cv-00595-JPH-KMB (S.D. Ind. June 16 2023). Southern District of Indiana: Indianapolis IN; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/law.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/district-courts\/indiana\/insdce\/1:2023cv00595\/206651\/67\/ [Last accessed: May8 2024]."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_5_17_2.1","unstructured":"K.C. v. Individual Members of the Medical Licensing Board et al. No. 23-2366 (7th Cir. 2024). United States Court of Appeals: Chicago IL"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_5_17_2.2","unstructured":"2024. Available from: https:\/\/law.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/appellate-courts\/ca7\/23-2366\/23-2366-2024-02-27.html [Last accessed: May8 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00202-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","unstructured":"Wiggins C. Rachel Levine Discusses Disturbing \u2018Medical Refugees\u2019 Crisis Sweeping Across the U.S. Advocate: Los Angeles CA; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.advocate.com\/news\/rachel-levine-trans-healthcare-interview#toggle-gdpr [Last accessed: February23 2024]."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Pride and protests: A mixed-methods examination of LGBTQ\u2009+\u2009activism and well-being","volume":"36","author":"Job SA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Job SA, , Kaniuka AR, , Todd EA, et al. Pride and protests: A mixed-methods examination of LGBTQ\u2009+\u2009activism and well-being. J Gay Lesbian Soc Serv, 2023; 36(2):273\u2013304; doi: 10.1080\/10538720.2023.2252756","journal-title":"J Gay Lesbian Soc Serv"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Have you heard the news? The effects of exposure to news about recent transgender legislation on transgender youth and young adults","author":"Dhanani LY","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dhanani LY, , Totton RR. Have you heard the news? The effects of exposure to news about recent transgender legislation on transgender youth and young adults. Sex Res Social Policy, 2023; 1\u201315; doi: 10.1007\/s13178-023-00810-6","journal-title":"Sex Res Social Policy"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000987"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/youth1010005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12947"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0391-1772.18.01995-7"}],"container-title":["LGBT Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:06:42Z","timestamp":1777666002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/lgbt.2024.0079","relation":{},"ISSN":["2325-8292","2325-8306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2325-8292","type":"print"},{"value":"2325-8306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]}}}