{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:26:52Z","timestamp":1788449212088,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lymphatic Research and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is a frequent complication after surgery for breast cancer, but its lymphatic involvement is not definitively established. Here we report the results of lymphoscintigraphic investigations in patients with AWS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective, single-center review of lymphoscintigraphic investigations performed in 46 patients with AWS that was either clinically obvious or suspected. Of this group, 23 patients had two investigations with a mean interval of 19 weeks between them (range, 6\u201398 weeks). Results of the lymphoscintigraphic investigations, which were performed according to a well-standardized protocol, were classified into four patterns: normal; functional lymphatic insufficiency only (no lymphatic vascular morphologic abnormality); lymphovascular blockade without collateralization; and vascular collateralization and\/or dermal backflow. Of the 46 patients, on the first lymphoscintigraphic investigation, four (8.6%) had a normal pattern, seven (15.2%) had functional lymphatic insufficiency only, four (8.6%) had lymphovascular blockade without collateralization, and 31 (67.3%) had vascular collateralization and\/or dermal backflow. Among patients who underwent two investigations, four of the five who had only functional lymphatic insufficiency at the first investigation had developed vascular collateralization and\/or dermal backflow by the second. The three patients who had lymphovascular blockade without collateralization at the first examination had also progressed to collateralization and\/or dermal backflow at the second. None of the 15 patients who initially had vascular collateralization and\/or dermal backflow showed any reversal at the second examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis confirms the lymphatic nature of AWS and shows the lymphoscintigraphic patterns and evolutions of the lymphatic lesions with potential therapeutic implications. The retrospective review of our database is approved by the institutional ethics committee under number 2048.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2021.0015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T16:43:08Z","timestamp":1637685788000},"page":"417-424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Lymphoscintigraphic Investigations for Axillary Web Syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mirela Mariana","family":"Roman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mammo-Pelvic Surgery, Institute Jules Bordet, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."},{"name":"Multi-disciplinary Clinic of Lymphology, Institute Jules Bordet, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Barbieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Physical Therapy, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Eddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mammo-Pelvic Surgery, Institute Jules Bordet, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clarence","family":"Karler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia-Algologia, Hospital Moliere, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxells, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Veys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mammo-Pelvic Surgery, Institute Jules Bordet, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assaf","family":"Zeltzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Center for Lymphedema Surgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Adriaenssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium &amp; Rehabilitation Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Leduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Physical Therapy, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7349-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multi-disciplinary Clinic of Lymphology, Institute Jules Bordet, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."},{"name":"Service of Dermatology, Hospital Erasme, and Services of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Jules Bordet and HIS-IZZ Hospitals, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20140377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(01)00602-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(02)01214-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"185","article-title":"Lymphspiration: The axillary web and its lymphatic origin","volume":"49","author":"Koehler LA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koehler LA, , Hunter DW. 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