{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:17:14Z","timestamp":1777922234621,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lymphatic Research and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive condition that has major physical and psychological consequences. It was aimed to examine the respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength, physical activity level, and functionality of patients with lower extremity lymphedema and to compare them with healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 82 individuals (29.3% male, 70.7% female, with a mean age of 49.89\u2009\u00b1\u200915.07 years) with lower extremity lymphedema (Group 1) and healthy individuals (Group 2) were included. Respiratory functions of the participants were evaluated by spirometry, respiratory muscle strength by maximum oral pressure measurements, physical activity levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire\u2013Short Form (IPAQ-SF), functionality by Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG test). All respiratory function test measurements were lower in mean Group 1 than in Group 2 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). While inspiratory muscle strength did not differ between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05), expiratory muscle strength was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Although spent time and energy for sitting were higher in Group 1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), IPAQ vigorous-, moderate-, and light-intensity physical activity (MET-min\/week) and IPAQ-total score did not differ between groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). In Group 1, mean of LEFS score was lower and TUG test (seconds) in Group 1 was longer compared to Group 2 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory functions, expiratory muscle strength, and functionality in patients with lower extremity lymphedema were adversely affected; however, inspiratory muscle strength and physical activity levels were similar to those of healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2023.0079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T04:07:51Z","timestamp":1735186071000},"page":"17-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Respiratory Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Physical Activity, and Functionality in Patients with Lower Extremity Lymphedema"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Zehra","family":"Demir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Education, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamze","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18010171"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvn.2022.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-022516-034008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2022.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272088"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.03.021"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"The effects of manually applied intermittent pulsation pressure to rat ventral thorax on lymph transport","volume":"33","author":"Dery MA","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dery MA, , Yonuschot G, , Winterson BJ. The effects of manually applied intermittent pulsation pressure to rat ventral thorax on lymph transport. Lymphology, 2000; 33(2):58\u201361.","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Respiratory muscle strength in patients in pre- and postoperative liver transplantation","volume":"60","author":"Abreu APM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abreu APM, , Endres D, , Costa AB, et al. Respiratory muscle strength in patients in pre- and postoperative liver transplantation. Rev Bras Cancerol, 2014; 60(2):151\u2013157.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cancerol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15446\/revfacmed.v67n4.68950"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2020.89810"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2023.112271"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2020.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1677-5449.006618"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","first-page":"360","article-title":"Investigation of physical activity, fear of falling, and functionality in individuals with lower extremity lymphedema","volume":"31","author":"Pirincci CS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pirincci CS, , Cihan E, , Unuvar BS, et al. Investigation of physical activity, fear of falling, and functionality in individuals with lower extremity lymphedema. Support Care Cancer, 2023; 31(6):360.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1590ST"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","first-page":"696","article-title":"Maximal respiratory pressures: Normal values and relationship to age and sex","volume":"99","author":"Black LF","year":"1969","unstructured":"Black LF, , Hyatt RE. Maximal respiratory pressures: Normal values and relationship to age and sex. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1969; 99(5):696\u2013702.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2021.4616"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","first-page":"371","article-title":"The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): Scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. 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Investigation of the relationship between physical activity level and quality of life of individuals with and without lymphedema after gynecological cancer surgery. J Exerc Rehabil, 2021; 8(3):254\u2013260.","journal-title":"J Exerc Rehabil"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","first-page":"3593","article-title":"Physical activity level, exercise behavior, barriers, and preferences of patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"29","author":"Kabak V","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kabak V, , Gursen C, , Aytar A, et al. Physical activity level, exercise behavior, barriers, and preferences of patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema. 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