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The role of this bacterium in chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer, as well as extra-digestive diseases such as ischemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, is well known. Prevention and control of these diseases can occur by early diagnosis and eradication of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. At present, different methods have been established to detect\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. The biopsy-based tests, which are known as invasive methods, such as rapid urease test and histology, have the highest specificity among the others. Similarly, culture of biopsy samples is used for diagnosis of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. It has a high specificity value, and also allows us to perform antibiotic sensitivity testing. On the contrary, polymerase chain reaction and other molecular methods have good sensitivity and specificity, and can be used for detection of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, its virulence factors, and eradication success after treatment. While serological tests are more appropriate for epidemiological studies, their main weakness for clinical use is low specificity. Overall, specificity and sensitivity, cost, usefulness, and limitation of tests should be considered for selection of detection methods of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    in each country.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mab.2018.0032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T11:39:14Z","timestamp":1547638754000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Diagnostic Tests for Detection of\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Taher","family":"Mohammadian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Ganji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran."},{"name":"Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis","volume":"1","author":"Marshal BJ","year":"1983","unstructured":"Marshal BJ, , and Warren JR: Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis. 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