{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:21:58Z","timestamp":1777922518404,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Group A streptococci (GAS) is the most common pathogen of bacterial pharyngitis. GAS were isolated from\npediatric outpatients with symptomatic acute pharyngitis. T typing and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotyping were performed for\nan epidemiologic study. The phenotypes of erythromycin (EM) resistance were evaluated, and the frequencies\nof\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ermB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ermTR(A)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and mefA genes were det\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    ined by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 125 (50.8%) of 246 children yielded GAS. The two most frequent T types were T12 (35.2%) and T nontypeable (30.4%).\nThe most frequent\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    type was\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    12 (28.5%), followed by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    75 (18.7%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    22 (13.0%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    2 (12.2%), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    8 (8.1%). The resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were 44.8% and 19.2%, respectively. Among the EM-resistant strains, constitutive resistance, inducible resistance, and the M phenotype were observed in 42.1%, 0%, and 57.9%, respectively. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ermB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ermA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mefA<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes were present in 39.3%, 0%, and 58.9%, respectively. Most of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    12 strains showed constitutive resistance, while\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    18 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    75 demonstrated the M phenotype. The organisms with other\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotypes were susceptible to both EM and clindamycin. These results indicate that some\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotypes might be associated with a specific mechanism of EM resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,13]],"date-time":"2005-01-13T10:16:37Z","timestamp":1105611397000},"page":"300-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance and Genotypic Characteristics of Group A Streptococci Associated with Acute Pharyngitis in Korea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sunjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nam","family":"Yong Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:22:49Z","timestamp":1777666969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2004.10.300","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}}}